Designing buildings for various purposes inbased on developed building codes, certain standards. Engineering networks of communications, as well as openings for windows and doors must comply with the approved standards.
They do not come up to make life difficult. These data were obtained in the synthesis of experience and research. Standard window sizes are no exception.
Why do you need a typical size
Use when building your own homeStandard size designs are highly desirable. After all, the GOST of window openings is designed in such a way as to ensure a sufficient level of illumination of rooms and at the same time maintain heat in the cold season. In addition, most enterprises produce window frames with double-glazed windows of standard sizes. When ordering custom window will have to pay extra.
When choosing the size of the window into the room, several characteristic parameters are taken into account:
- Type of glass.If you wish to arrange the room with darkened windows, you need to plan a larger window opening. This means that windows will have an area larger than windows that have clear glass. The frame size is 3 cm smaller than the size of the window opening.
- Geographic latitude.For areas located south of the forty-fifth parallel, the estimated coefficient of 0.75 is used. Typical window sizes are 25% smaller than standard. In areas located north of the sixtieth latitude, the coefficient is 1.2. Increase by 20% all standard dimensions of windows.
- The area of the room. For effective illumination, the ratio of the area of all windows of a room to the area of a floor is from 1/8 to 1/5.
- Type of building. For residential, office, educational and other premises have developed their own standards of illumination.
Standard window sizes depend on the specific type of house, as well as the materials used for construction. Building designs developed a huge set. All of them are divided into several general groups.
Old foundation
It includes houses built before the revolution, at the dawn of the 20th century or earlier. Features of the buildings of the old fund:
- thick brick walls;
- spacious rooms with long corridors;
- ceilings with a height of three meters;
- high windows.
In such buildings, window openings are both narrow and rather wide.
| Window type | Standard sizes of windows in the house |
| Single leaf | 1 150 × 1 900 mm 850 × 1 150 mm |
| Bivalve | 1 150 × 1 900 mm 1,300 × 2,200 mm 1 500 × 1 900 mm |
| Tricuspid | 2,400 × 2,100 mm |
Houses of the Stalin period
Buildings erected from the 30s to the 60s of the 20th century are often very attractive in appearance. Stalinok features:
- strict architecture;
- ceilings up to five meters;
- large rooms, spacious kitchens.
They built these houses from red brick.Outside, they made granite cladding or plastering. At this time, the buildings were decorated with stucco, trimmed with bas-reliefs. Because of the large room there were no single window windows.
| Window type | Width and height of a standard window |
| Bivalve | 1 150 × 1 950 mm 1 500 × 1 900 mm |
| Tricuspid | 1 700 × 1 900 mm |
Khrushchevka
This name was given to typical houses, built from the 50s to the 85th years of the XX century. The appearance of Khrushchev familiar to all: flat roofs, facade decorations no.
Characterized by:
- built of panels or silicate bricks;
- have 3 - 5 floors;
- ceiling height - 2.3 - 2.5 m;
- poor sound insulation;
- small rooms and kitchen.
| Building material | Window type | The size of a standard window in the apartment |
| Brick, wide window sills | Bivalve Tricuspid | 1,450 × 1,500 mm 2,040 × 1 500 mm |
| Concrete panels, narrow window sills | Bivalve Tricuspid | 1 300 × 1 350 mm 2,040 × 1 350 mm |
Brezhnevki
So called apartments with improved layout, which was built from the mid 60s to the end of the 80s of the XX century. Features:
- more spacious kitchens and rooms compared to Khrushchev;
- have from 5 to 9 floors;
- landscaped elevators, garbage chutes.
Спроектировано несколько серий домов с улучшенной the layout. The standard sizes of window openings are different in each series. There is a catalog of descriptions of typical houses. Many series are in demand today.
| Project series at home | Window type | Standard window sizes |
| No. 602 | Bivalve Tricuspid | 1 450 × 1 210 mm 2 100 × 1 450 mm |
| No. 606 | Bivalve Tricuspid | 1,450 × 1,410 mm 1 700 × 1 410 mm |
| No. 600 | Tricuspid | 2,380 × 1,130 mm 2,380 × 1,420 mm 2 690 × 1 420 mm |
Typical new buildings
Modern new buildings are diverse. There are more than 40 project series of such houses.
Standard window sizes for each series are individual.
| Project series at home | Double window | Triple window |
| No. 504 | 1,450 × 1,410 mm | 1 700 × 1 410 mm |
| № 137 | 1 150 × 1 420 mm | 1 700 × 1 420 mm |
| No. 504D | 1 420 × 1 100 mm | 1,420 × 2,030 mm |
| No. 505 | 1 4100 × 1 450 mm | 1 410 × 2 030 mm |
| No. 600.11 | 1 410 × 1 450 mm | 1 410 × 2 050 mm |
Relativity of standards
Manufacturers of windows allow in manufacturing technology a slight deviation of linear dimensions from the design documentation. In the permissible limits are considered deviations + 2mm / −1mm.
The width / height ratio tested by practical experience and long operation allows us to guarantee the reliability of window constructions.
You can not arbitrarily increase the window, seekingmore light. This leads to the deformation of the frame, its breakage. Constructive mechanisms or parts are damaged. Standard window sizes for a specific building are calculated based on its purpose, location and size.
It should be borne in mind that the standards currently used in construction are somewhat relative.
PVC windows
In the modern construction market the mostdemand windows, frames which are made of plastic. Initially, they were mass produced for installation in panel houses. They made plastic windows of standard sizes: 1,200 x 1,200 mm and 1,300 x 1,400 mm.
Today there are single-wing, double-wing and tricuspid plastic windows.
Since the parameters of the openings are different depending on the type of building, PVC windows are easy to make to the desired size.
Modern technologies allow to producewindow designs not only practically any size, but also a form. Of course, there are some design features that are best not to neglect:
- if the sash is swinging, its height is planned several times larger than the width;
- if a flip-type mechanism is provided, it is advisable to choose a width greater than the height;
- the size of the glass unit is recommended not more than 1000 mm2, otherwise the risk of breakage increases.
PVC window makers joke that non-standardwindows have now become standard. To make a design for an unusual opening, we need a separate development of drawings and careful adherence to dimensions. Therefore, when making an individual order, it is necessary to take into account that this will cost considerably more compared to plastic windows of standard sizes.
Triple window
Its design consists of two fairly narrow side flaps with a wide section between them. In the standard version, the central part is deaf.
To determine the dimensions of the new tricuspidwindows, measure the width of the opening between the outer slopes. Then you need to measure the height of the future window: the distance from the upper lintel of the opening to the outflow. Standard three-leaved window sizes:
| Design | Height, mm | Width, mm |
| Window hole | 1,200; 1,350; 1,500 | 1,800; 2 100 |
| Window | 1,170; 1320; 1470 | 1,170; 2,070 |
In modern high-rise buildings most often set up tricuspid windows of 2,050 x 1,400 mm in size. Of course, you can order production for individual construction.
Windows in a private house
When building your own home, the owner can choose standard window sizes or focus on personal preferences.
Most often in individual constructionapplies the installation of multiple windows in the same room. Cost-effective use of standard-sized double-window windows. Projects of country houses of many construction companies are focused on this.
How to determine how many openings to providein the room for installing windows? It is necessary to calculate the area of the facade, as well as the floor area of the entire room. It is accepted that it is possible to achieve the best illumination of living rooms, if we achieve that the total area of the windows is 12 - 18% of the floor area. However, it should not exceed 25% of the area of the facade.
You have to wonder which sideto have windows in the construction of an individual country house. Based on the principles of energy saving, designers advise to place windows mostly from the southern and western sides of the house. Here, the sun's rays will provide maximum natural lighting, and heat loss through the windows will be minimal. Of course, on the north or east side of the window is also needed. But they can not do so much that the total area of the glazing was less.
Wooden windows standards
In the buildings of modern urban architecturedesign a variety of style, design and configuration of the window. The demand for spacious country houses is increasing, where large-area glazing systems are arranged. They use hidden support profiles and reinforcing partitions. Owners of prestigious suburban real estate prefer wooden frames with energy-saving double-glazed windows.
Главной задачей в проектировании таких Structures is a balance between the dimensions of wooden windows with building proportions. The correct ratio ensures the strength of such a structural element. Wooden models are much heavier than plastic or aluminum windows. To install windows from glued natural timber, the size of the reference area must be maintained. And also provides sufficient strength of the building material that falls under the load.
Dimensions of wooden windows in the residential building are selectedunder the projected forms of structures, the size of the openings. Competent installation calculation helps to achieve the best level of illumination, to optimize heat loss.
The selection of the type of glazing takes into account the numberfloors of the building, its orientation to the cardinal points, the used building materials of the walls and some additional characteristics. The common proportions of the choice of the area of glazing to the area of the room are 1/8 - 1/10.
Designers recommend installing wooden windows at a height of one meter from the floor.
The following standard sizes of wooden windows are offered on the construction market:
| Window type | Height, mm | Width, mm |
| Single leaf | 400 - 1 470 | 400 - 870 |
| Bivalve | 1 117 - 1 470 | 870 - 1 470 |
| Tricuspid | 1 170 - 1 470 | 1 770 - 2 070 |
Указанные данные можно использовать для approximate calculations of the cost of windows of an apartment, house. Quite often, the size of the windows of even one house does not coincide with the standard by ten to fifteen centimeters. This is usually found in panel Khrushchev. Therefore, to calculate the exact price of a new window, it is safer to use the measurer's experience. Many companies engaged in the production of windows, will provide this service for free.
