Geotextile is what? Description of geotextiles, characteristics, application and method of laying

The maintenance of the infield oftenis quite a costly undertaking, as it is constantly necessary to invest a lot of money in improving and improving the territory. In particular, a lot of money is “eaten up” by measures for draining the same yard. If you do not do this work, then your home may be at risk, as the water from the roofs and the snow moisture very negatively affect the state of the foundation and walls.

What can be used for suchkind of work? How can they be cheaper and make the results of their work more durable? Help you in the state of geotextiles. This is a synthetic material made from polypropylene fibers, which can be used in close contact with the ground or other building materials.

Where do they use it?

Very popular todaythe material is used in construction, as well as in companies engaged in the implementation of drainage works and road construction. He gained such wide distribution due to his high durability and unpretentiousness to operating conditions. As with other synthetic polymeric materials, the main distinguishing feature of which it can boast is ultimate durability.

The main positive qualities

Geotextiles are also materials known for theirexcellent resistance to aggressive chemicals. In addition, it perfectly tolerates even frost up to -60 and heating up to +100 degrees Celsius.

Геотекстиль не гниет, ему безразличны плесень и a fungus that easily destroys wood and even some types of bricks. Plant roots, rodents and insects also can not do anything with it. It should also be noted its high mechanical strength and resistance to tearing. As a result, geotextiles are one of the most beloved materials of road builders, as it allows to achieve high durability of the web.

Its other advantage is compactness andperfect undemanding to storage conditions. Sell ​​it in the form of large rolls that can be transported to the work site, there cutting into the required parts. Since the material practically does not absorb water, it does not need to be covered from rain. Even if the roll will lie in a puddle, its weight does not change.

Physical properties of geotextiles

All types of materials of this class have approximately the same physical characteristics:

• Elasticity: geotextiles are a material that is resistant to loads and easily performs a reinforcing function.
• When you try to break the fibers can be extended by 45%, which gives it a high resistance to puncturing and strength.
• Despite the excellent filtration ability, the fibers do not silt and do not clog the smallest particles of soil. The reason is their high smoothness, as a result of which garbage does not stick to them.
• Polypropylene has excellent resistance to UV radiation, and therefore the finished material can easily withstand direct exposure to sunlight.

Thus, it can be used for site separation, reinforcement, filtration and drainage.

Main areas of use

As we have said, in recent years it has been widelyused when laying the roadway. Geotextiles allow to separate the layers of sand and rubble, as a result of which it is possible to achieve an ideal distribution of the load on the roadway. This approach can significantly reduce the consumption of sand, increase the pace of laying the tracks, as well as reduce the cost of purchasing crushed stone and concrete.

In addition, it is indispensable when creating mounds,strengthening the slopes of unstable areas. Geotextiles, the characteristics of which we have described, are excellent for fixing soils with poor bearing capacity. Due to its high elasticity and damping ability, the resulting structures have excellent mechanical strength and durability. Because of this, the material can be used when laying tracks from tiles and even rubble. It protects the soil from subsidence and mixing with sand or rubble.

By the way, precisely because of the strength and elasticity, geotextiles are used to construct the roof in the form of an inner lining under a bituminous coating.

Due to the fact that in recent years, the populationbecoming increasingly demanding to the appearance of their sites, the material is widely used in landscape design. It perfectly protects the soil from washing away the fertile layer, prevents the germination of weeds, but does not hinder access to the roots of fertilizers. Geotextiles are perfect for creating beaches on muddy banks of rivers and lakes.

Drainage systems

But the most important factor due to whichThe material has received such recognition of the owners of homestead plots, is its ideal fitness for creating drainage systems. If they just put a ditch on the meltwater flow, it will not silt, and therefore it will need to be cleaned much less often. Given the polymeric origin of the material, it will last more than one year.

Important! If you use geotextiles when creating garden plots, it will perfectly protect plants from highly located groundwater, which otherwise would contribute to root decay.

Roofing

We have already said that this material can beused during roofing work. If used in conjunction with waterproofing membranes, it helps protect roofing materials from rotting and steam penetration. It is due to these qualities it is permissible to use it to protect the walls of basements and cellars from the penetration of soil waters.

Regardless of the sphere of use, geotextiles demonstrate excellent consumer and operational qualities.

Mounting method

How is the laying of geotextiles? It all depends on its scope. Consider the option with tracks.

First you need to cook thoroughly.soil surface. Hemp, plant roots and large stones are removed. Then the roll of material is gently rolled out, the joints are overlapped, and their size should be at least 20-30 cm. It is very important to connect the joints so that moisture or the ground itself does not penetrate.

Как правило, для этого используют горелку, wherein the layers of material are simply welded together. In the case of laying a garden path, plastic or metal brackets can be used, with which the edges of the sheets are stitched together quite reliably. Then the material is filled with sand, it is compacted, and tile is laid on top.

Laying in the construction of drainage ditches

First, a ditch of the required depth is dug, andits bottom is laid sand and gravel pillow. Next - drainage pipes. It is better to wait a little with geotextile: first, a layer of coarse sand or small pebbles is put on the pipe, and only then it is covered with this material. Pour the soil on top and slightly condense it. With this method of laying in the pebbles will not get the soil, and the ditch will not silt for a long time.

Note:Drainage geotextiles are sufficiently durable material, but they should not be abused. So, on the surface, which is prepared for the same tracks, there should be no nails or glass. If a part of the coating is perforated, the quality of drainage will sharply deteriorate, the base of the path will be quickly eroded by rain and melt water.

Protecting the roof from moisture

В этом плане данный материал у нас в стране It is not used as widely, but due to the development of individual construction it has broad prospects. As in all the cases described above, geotextiles (the use of which we have repeatedly discussed) fit on an even and well-prepared surface.

На досках кровли не должно быть больших заусенцев and protruding nails that can damage the material. The rolls are rolled, overlapping the edges. In this case, the burner is absolutely necessary, since only with its help it is possible to ensure reliable insulation of the roof from moisture by welding the edges of the geotextile with each other. The amount of overlap is at least 40 cm.

Finally

This material is undoubtedly a real find for almost all owners of personal plots of land. It is durable and lightweight, does not rot and protects buildings from moisture.

All the costs of its purchase will pay off in the mostthe shortest time, as the same geotextile for drainage allows several times to increase the service life of ditches for the removal of thawed and rainwater. They will rarely need to be cleaned, and the roof on which this material was laid, in general, can stand for more than a dozen years without needing serious repairs.