Every gardener knows that growing rich andA healthy harvest without the use of numerous drugs is almost impossible. All because of the disease and harmful insects that threaten plants at almost any stage of growth. Today, the shelves of hardware stores and markets are overwhelmed with a wide assortment of various drugs that help in the fight against diseases and pests. But how to choose a product that combines high quality and reasonable price? Today we will tell you about one such affordable tool that has been tested over the years. It will be about the use of iron vitriol for the purposes of prophylactic treatment and treatment of plants.
Composition and properties
Формула железного купороса - это не что иное, как ferrous sulfate. It is also called sulphate iron. The process of obtaining this salt is the interaction of sulfuric acid with ferrous iron. At room temperature, this substance looks like small-sized crystals of turquoise or green. The content of active substances in these crystals is about 53 percent. Most often it can be found in the form of packages weighing 200 or 250 grams. Blue vitriol is an effective antiseptic fungicidal agent that helps to cope with various diseases of fungal nature. This drug is also an excellent source of iron that can be used as a fertilizer. Recognizing the lack of iron in the plant is quite simple - by prematurely dying and yellowing shoots.
It is extremely important to distinguish between blue vitriol and iron sulfate. Ferric sulphate is not involved in the preparation of Bordeaux mixture; it is also unacceptable for them to spray tomatoes and potatoes.
Indications for use
The most active periods of development of variousDiseases are considered spring and autumn. Blue vitriol is one of the best solutions for combating developing diseases, which does not affect your budget a lot. But it is worth remembering about a fairly high level of acidity of this drug, which causes chemical burns on young leaves.
Iron vitriol in horticulture is used for such purposes:
- Preventive treatment of the walls of the basement, intended for storage of the crop.
- Healing wounds and treatment of shoots after pruning.
- Spraying fruit and berry crops from the development of moss, lichen.
- Preventive and therapeutic spraying of grapes.
- Fight against malicious insects.
- The fight against powdery mildew, anthracnose and rot.
Iron sulfate is used not only forprocessing plants, but also in order to eliminate the unpleasant odor in the garden and suburban toilets, located on the street. To do this, prepare a solution of 10 liters of water and 500 grams of iron sulfate, which is treated toilet and the surrounding area.
Features of use
When processing young seedlings should be understoodthat their bark is thinner than in adults. Therefore, they need to be processed only once - in the spring. Older trees and shrubs are treated twice - in the fall and spring.
An important feature of the use of ironvitriol is its combination with other garden preparations. For example, it is unacceptable to mix ferrous sulphate with organic insecticides containing phosphorus. "Fufanon" and other means of this kind dissolve in an alkaline medium, and therefore high acidity of vitriol will be destructive for them. Another prohibited combination is considered to be a mixture of iron sulphate and lime.
Fight against fungal diseases
The main cause of fungal diseasesboth in autumn and in spring, the remains of old leaves and fallen branches on the surface of the soil around the trees are considered. Therefore, during spring processing, it is necessary to spray not only the tree itself, but also the area around it. But in the fall a far more effective method of struggle will be the collection and burning of fallen leaves and branches. After this, the near-ground area is excavated and the tree is sprayed with sulphate of iron. If a plant is damaged by fungal infections, it should be treated with a solution of ferrous sulfate prepared in the calculation of no more than 30 grams of ferrous sulfate per 10 liters of water. Spraying this composition is performed twice or three times, with a break of 7-8 days between each treatment.
Spraying against chlorosis and lichen
При недостаточном удобрении растении или дефиците iron can be exposed to chlorosis. To combat this disease, you should use the solution in the following concentration: in 10 liters of water dissolve 50 grams of ferrous sulfate, mix thoroughly until the crystals completely dissolve and start spraying the plant. This treatment is carried out every 3-5 days until the leaves return to their healthy appearance, with a clean surface and a green tint. For preventive spraying, the concentration of the solution should be reduced at least five times.
Very often, old trees are hit by mosses andlichen. Ferrous sulphate will also help get rid of these diseases. To do this, dilute 300 grams of ferrous sulfate in 10 liters of water - this dosage is suitable for spraying fruit trees. Seed trees are treated with more concentrated means - 500 grams of the drug per 10 liters of water.
Disinfection and spraying of berry crops
A weak solution of ferrous sulfate (100 grams per 10liters of water) can handle a variety of damage, wounds and cuts shoots after pruning. This drug is able to disinfect the damaged areas of the plant, preventing the reproduction of harmful bacteria.
To protect berry crops such as raspberries,gooseberry, strawberry and currant, enough 3% solution of the drug. To prepare it, dissolve 300 grams of ferrous sulfate in 10 liters of water and spray the plants with them before the beginning of the vegetative period.
Iron vitriol and grapes
Iron sulfate is used to protectgrapes, but taking into account certain features - it slows down the process of bud break for 7-8 days. But this feature can be turned into an advantage. Delayed development of the kidneys after treatment with vitriol in a concentration of 3-4% solution helps the culture to survive the spring frosts and temperature drops. Therefore, it is optimal to carry out processing a week after the removal of the winter shelter.
Recommended concentrations of ferrous sulfate solution for grapes:
- spring processing after shelter removal - from 0.5 to 1%;
- destruction of pests (mildew, oidium, grape crib) - 4-5%;
- treatment against moss and lichen - from 3 to 5%;
- the fight against chlorosis - 0.05%;
- processing in the fall, before shelter for winter time - from 3 to 5%.
Interesting recipe
Если грибковое заболевание поразило растение в a period of active growth of greenery, then a pure solution of vitriol will not work. But there is a recipe for an effective substance that will not only cure your plant, but also not damage it with its effects.
To prepare such a solution, you will need:10 liters of water, 50 grams of vitriol, 30 grams of urea and 20 grams of lime (required to be slaked). Such a composition in diluted form must be stored no more than a day. Trees of apple, plum and cherry should be sprayed at the stage of budding, strawberries and strawberries - in the process of developing young greens, and tomatoes and potatoes are sprayed with this solution in the phase of active vegetation.
The advantage of this mixture is its loweracidity that does not burn the plant. Minimal toxicity along with enriched mineral and organic compounds allows to enhance the effect of the components in combination with each other. And the best adhesion to the surface of the plant provides longer protection against harmful influences. After spraying this composition, the plant allows you to get a rich and healthy harvest.
Precautionary measures
Iron vitriol is a fairly dangerous chemical substance, so when working with it, it is important to observe certain precautions in order to avoid harm to both humans and plants.
The basic rule of drug useis compliance with the concentrations used. The high content of ferrous sulfate in the solution is permissible to use only in the autumn, after the leaves fall, or until the beginning of the vegetative period. If there is an acute need for treatment with the drug during the period of active vegetation, then it is worth reducing the concentration of iron sulphate to 1%.
Разведение препарата должно осуществляться в containers of glass or plastic only. Be sure to wear gloves to avoid contact of the vitriol with skin and mucous membranes. In general, the toxicity and danger of copper sulfate is much higher than iron, but this does not negate the observance of all precautionary measures.
Finally
Today we introduced you to such a simpleinexpensive and incredibly effective means of multifunctional use, like iron sulphate. Take precautions when working with this chemical and you will surely get a healthy and abundant crop that cannot be damaged by even the most severe diseases and pests.
