Kazan Aviation Plant named after Gorbunov -Leading Russian airline specializing in the assembly of strategic bombers, civilian and special aircraft. Since 2013 is a branch of PJSC "Tupolev".
Description
OJSC "Kazan Aviation Plant" is located inthe capital of Tatarstan - in Kazan. In addition to the main production, in his jurisdiction is located near the Borisoglebskoe test airfield. The company has played an important role in the country's defense. Here long-range strategic bombers were produced, including those capable of transporting nuclear weapons.
KAZ has a high scientific and productionpotential. Accumulated experience allows us to undertake the development of advanced projects. Specialized airliners of the highest reliability for the Office of the President of the Russian Federation, the General Staff, and intelligence structures are assembled within its walls.
Work days
Kazan Aviation Plant originallywas created as a branch of the Moscow Aviation Plant. The laying of the first workshop began in 1932, by 1935 the main buildings were erected. At the same time, a motor factory was built, a residential community called Social City. However, the oppressive repressions led to a personnel leapfrog, and the real production of the planes was only organized in 1938.
Initial plans were ambitious - to collectsky giants ANT-16, ANT-20 (“Maxim Gorky”), ANT-26 (with a 16-ton bomb load and 95-meter wingspan). However, plans did not go further than paper. Of the three heavy aircraft ANT-20bis laid out on the stocks in 1936, only by 1939 was it possible to assemble the first of them (with a state order of 18 units). The experience of the production of the Annushka DB-A bombers was also unfortunate.
To the glory of the motherland
In 1939, the Kazan Aviation Plant beganto the development of the new model "Machine number 2" - the future Pe-8 Petlyakov design. The distant 4-motor transport bomber became the main one in the Red Army DBA and brought the plant a deserved labor victory. Pe-8 (ANT-42) became the first Soviet high-speed high-altitude aircraft of the “Flying Fortress” class. He had elegant sleek shapes as opposed to the angular "slow moving" of previous generations.
A little later, the main model for the plant wasdive bomber of the same designer Pe-2. During the war years KAZ collected about 10,000 cars. Production worked non-stop, weekends and holidays.
Plant of strategic importance
Вторая мировая война показала важность тяжёлых long-range bombers capable of paralyzing the infrastructure and production of the enemy. With the development of more powerful bombs, their effectiveness has increased. In the first peaceful years, the Kazan Aviation Plant produced a copy of the well-proven American model B-29 under the brand Tu-4. However, a piston aircraft with a range of just over 5,000 km was not continental. Namely, the United States became the main geopolitical opponent of the USSR.
Breakthrough became a strategic jet aircraftThe Tu-16, capable of acting both in the role of a bomber, and in the role of a rocket carrier, reconnaissance, tanker, etc. The speed of 980 km / h and the height of the ascent to 13,400 m made it quite easy to overcome the enemy's air defense lines. However, its flight range was even less than that of the Tu-4 - 4000 km. It was effective against ship connections, supplemented the firepower of the Soviet Navy and coastal defense. The first serial device was manufactured at KAZ in 1953. According to statistics, the Tu-16, withdrawn from the Russian Air Force system only in the 1990s, is the longest-lived aircraft in the world. Its modified counterparts continue to serve in China and several other countries.
The next stage was a family of distantsubsonic strategic missile Tu-22. The base model was produced from 1960 to 1966. A total of 311 units were collected. From 1967 to 1990, modifications of the Tu-22M (0-1), Tu-22M2 and Tu-22M3 were made with improved aerodynamics and technical characteristics.
Civil aircraft
In addition to military aircraft, Kazan AviationThe plant produced passenger jet liners. At the beginning of the 50s, the government commissioned to design a plane for the transport of passengers and cargo based on a successful model of the Tu-16. As a result, the Tu-104 was created - the first passenger jet airliner in the USSR. In 1956, an improved modification of the Tu-110 for the party apparatus and general secretaries was created.
In the 60s, part of the capacity wasreoriented to the transport and passenger long-haul IL-62, which replaced the IL-62M. Until 1994, 278 devices of both modifications were manufactured. In the mid-90s, KAZ mastered the Tu-214 model, which was certified in 1997. Now the design bureaus are working on projects for the short-haul passenger Tu-324 and the transport Tu-330.
"White Swan"
18.12.1981 The first flight was made by an unprecedented Tu-160 super-heavy bomber, called “Blackjack” in NATO. Its unique form with a swept wing in flight resembles a proud graceful swan. That is why in Russia it is affectionately called the “White Swan”.
Although its production was discontinued, Kazanaviation plant them. S. P. Gorbunov from the president received an order to resume the assembly of a strategic bomber with improved avionics, new electronic and technical components. The range of almost 14,000 km makes it possible to hit targets on other continents. The Tu-160 form the basis of the aviation component of the “nuclear triad” of Russia.
Production
Today KAZ performs the following work:
- Modernization of the Tu-22M3.
- Production, service Tu-160.
- Production, service modifications Tu-214.
- Service IL-62M.
- Production of special-purpose aircraft.
- The development of new aircraft.
Kazan Aviation Plant remains a recognized authority in the aircraft industry. The merger with PJSC "Tupolev" accelerates the introduction of new types of aircraft and allows you to unify the production.
