The existence of various management modelsdue to objective differences in national culture, development of the economy, politics, corporate culture of enterprises. Certain traditions and habits impose imprints on the sphere of business relations. However, there are historically developed models that determine the basic decision-making strategy. Such basic models include the American model of management.
Characterization of the American management model is primarily to identify the basic prerequisites for the formation of a unique management model.
The presence of the market as the main mechanism of economic relations between its subjects forces the managers to act in conditions of high competition.
The second feature was that the formation ofThe management model in the US was based on an industrial society driven by industry. On the basis of this core business was the corporation.
In general, the American model of management is based on the foundations of the classical school.
At the present stage, the American modelmanagement is built on the belief that the success of the firm is based on the factors that lie within its boundaries. Therefore, the company becomes a closed system. This initial conviction predetermines the peculiarities of the American management model.
This approach defines goals and objectives asstable elements that persist for a long time. The main strategy of firms is the continuous growth and specialization of production, so the American management model is characterized by a mechanism of explicit and constant control.
It is also characterized by a high degreeindividualism. Freedom of the individual predetermines individual decision-making: the decision taken by the leader is in no way subject to discussion and is mandatory for implementation. As a consequence, it is not collective responsibility, but individual responsibility for the results of the work performed. Nevertheless, within the framework of one level of management, the principle of industrial democracy is being implemented; participation of employees in decision-making, if this affects their personal interests. They are given the right to independently gather all the necessary information, choose the right method or method, in order to fulfill the main tasks and plans. Sometimes workers create working groups and other associations to solve a variety of tasks.
However, despite individualism as the main feature of the model, the attitude to the worker is differentiated: he is perceived purely as an employee, not as an individual.
Another important characteristic is thatemployees do not have the loyalty of their company, which contributes to a sufficiently high rate of staff turnover. Some of them manage to change to ten companies during their work. Therefore, hiring is done for a relatively short time and everyone knows about it, getting a job.
American management model - idealmodel for careerists. It ensures the rapid development and promotion of employees within the company. At the same time, an employee can develop in a specialized way. to build a horizontal career. To this end, a variety of advanced training courses at universities and colleges.
Thus, the features of historical developmentUSA, the development of its economy and politics, business relations with the help of the American model of management provided the individual career growth and development in a professional manner.
