Edge processing is an integral process whenmaking virtually any wooden product. Another two or three decades ago, the edge milling machine was a big deficit for most home craftsmen. Now on the market, these products are considered affordable consumables for both professional machines and hand tools (milling cutters). On sale, you can easily find a variety of models of cutters, even to create an edge with a fancy curved geometric shape.
The design of the cutter for processing edges
Structurally, all the mills for the edge milling cutter consist of three parts:
- Shank, который зажимают в патрон применяемого devices. The standard form of this part of the cutter for hand tools is cylindrical, with a groove for better fixation. For professional use in special machines produce nozzles with a conical shape of the clamping part. This component is made of structural alloy steel.
- Cutting partwhose form determines the configurationmachined edge. It can be made as a unit with the shank or with interchangeable cutting elements. The design of the shank of some models allows you to install several such parts at the same time. The blades of these elements of the cutter is made of tool high-speed steel or special hard alloys.
- Bearing (if such is provided by the design), which is installed in the upper or lower part of the shank. A set of such devices of different diameter allows you to adjust the depth of cut.
Edging cutters
Let us consider in more detail the existing types of devices.The most popular and demanded type of cutting tool for machining the ends is an edge mill with a bearing (upper or lower, less often with both at the same time). With the help of such devices, it is possible to process both rectilinear edges and a prefabricated template, which is especially important in the manufacture of several identical wooden parts. In terms of the geometrical shape of the cutting element, such mills are very diverse and allow you to create a flat butt at right angles to the surface of the wooden workpiece, as well as the most complex, curvilinear edges.
Straight cutter
After processing the end of the cutter edge straight withbearing angle between the horizontal surface and the equipped edge is 90˚. The choice of the size of the working part of such attachments directly depends on the thickness of the edge that needs to be processed. Very often, such devices are used not only to align the entire surface of the butt, but also to remove protruding elements of a wooden structure, for example, veneer glued to the table top.
Taper mills can be attributed to this category.Edge treated with such a nozzle has a smooth surface at an angle to the surface of the canvas. The dimensions and configuration of the cutting element depend on the thickness and the required slope of the edge.
Milling cutter
The concave surface of the cutting part of the cutterallows you to make rounded edges of various wood products. These nozzles are most widely used in the manufacture of worktops, processing of the ends of the shelves or armrests of chairs. An edge surface made using this type of fixture is ¼ of a circle. The size of the cutting part of the cutter is chosen depending on the thickness of the material and the desired radius of the edge.
Fillet milling cutter
This cutter on the geometry of the cutting edgeIt is a mirror image of the wrist. The cutting element is made in the form of a circle arc curved outward. It is intended for arranging the edge with a concave groove. Such products are widely used in the manufacture of simple-shaped baseboards or furniture legs.
Cutters for joining individual elements
Довольно часто деревянное изделие состоит из several parts, which are subsequently connected with glue. In order to firmly and securely join the individual elements, the edges of the parts are machined with special mills. The cutting elements of such products allow you to create connections:
- "A quarter" (on one side of the end of each part, make a notch of square section, the width and depth of which is equal to ½ of the thickness of the web);
- with a rectangular sample, the depth of which depends on the diameter of the installed bearing or adjustment devices of the device used;
- "Thorn-groove" (on one side a projection is made, on the second - the same deepening);
- multi-stud (at the ends of the first part cut several rectangular grooves, on the second - the same number of projections).
Nozzles for the manufacture of figured ends
Such products are designed to create complexgeometric shapes of edges. With their help, they make blanks for framing frames of pictures or photographs, process the ends of exclusive furniture, door and window openings. Nozzles are produced both in the form of a finished monolithic structure, and with the possibility of installing two or more different cutters on the shank, which allows creating an edge according to your own design preferences.
One of the varieties of such devices is a figirena mill designed for decorative processing of the edges of door panels and making baseboards of various shapes.
Manufacturers and prices
The range of wood edging cutters is prettywide and diverse. Such products can be purchased separately. The price of these nozzles depends on the manufacturer, the configuration of the cutting element and its size. For example, a FIT straight milling cutter with a diameter of 10 mm and a working length of 20 mm costs about 150 rubles, and a Bosh edging nozzle with a radius of 14 mm and a lower bearing will cost you 900 rubles.
Many manufacturers offer sets of mills (from six pieces and more in one set):
- with products of the same shape, but different sizes of the working part;
- with mills, the size and shape of the cutting element of which is different, is most often used for self-processing of wooden structures.
For example, a FIT kit of 6 most commonly used devices costs 790 rubles, and a HAMMER kit (out of 12 or 15 pieces) costs 2,000 or 2,400 rubles, respectively.
