KamAZ - perhaps the most famous plant in Russiafor the production of large trucks. One of the first models - KAMAZ-5320. This truck is the most massive. Even now it can be found on the roads of Russia. But there was still a lot of modifications built on its base. One of these - KamAZ-53212. Specifications, photos and features of this car - later in our article.
Description
So what is this car?The KAMAZ-53212 is an onboard large-tonnage truck with a wheel formula of 6 x 4. The machine is an elongated modification of 5320 and was created on its base. For the first time this truck off the line in 1979. Remarkably, the serial production of the machine did not stop after the collapse of the USSR, but lasted until 2002. This model is able to work at extremely low and high temperatures, be used in conditions of high humidity, as well as at an altitude of up to three kilometers above sea level. In view of this, a military vehicle was also created on the basis of the KamAZ-53212 truck for the transport of cargo and personnel.
Appearance
What this machine looks like, the reader canSee the photo in our article. At one glance at the exterior, it becomes clear that the truck has a minimum of differences from the basic model 5320. If you look closely, you will notice a longer base. The rest is two identical cars. Note that the model 53212 is universal. Not only the side bodies were installed on it. KamAZ trucks also came with all-metal vans, there were also tank trucks. Often you can meet and KamAZ-53212-grain. And some carriers install curtain bodies from trucks-foreign cars (one of the examples can be seen in the photo below).
Basically, used KAMAZ-53212 with a trailerGKB, which had the same size. The flooring of the truck and the trailer is wooden. The coupler has a folding side with the ability to install the frame for the awning.
In the mid-90s the truck underwent smallchanges. So, at the Kama Automobile Plant a new cab was used. She had a "blind" grille. And the head optics are located in a metal bumper. As before, the cabin uses a two-part windshield with a central partition. Also, the shape of the doors and the roof has not changed.
The cabins of the first sample were well protected fromcorrosion. However, the models of the last years of release strongly rust - say the owners. Especially corrosion is exposed grille and the lower part of the cab.
Dimensions, clearance
The total length of the truck is 8.53 meters.Width - 2.5, height - 3.8 meters. Ground clearance - 28 centimeters. The track width is 1.85 and 2.02 meters for the rear and front axles, respectively. The dimension of the tires - 9.00R20. High ground clearance is one of the main advantages of this truck. The machine can be used on different types of pavement. Also, the car is well suited for the transport of grain.
Salon
The cab design is identical to model 5320, i.e.has not changed since the early 1970s. The cabin is designed for three people, including two passengers. KamAZ-53212 was also equipped with a sleeping bag. Driver's seat - sprung, adjustable in length and backrest tilt. Compared with other trucks, the KamAZ cab in those years was one of the most comfortable and safe (even equipped with seat belts). But by modern standards the salon can be called uncomfortable and non-ergonomic.
Steering two-spoke, without adjustments.The front panel is made of metal. On the dashboard - a pair of dial gauges and air pressure sensor in the system. By the way, the last one was a sound detector. When there was little air in the system, a distinctive sound was heard in the cabin.
Specifications
KamAZ-53212 throughout all years of releaseequipped with a single engine. It is a diesel atmospheric eight-cylinder unit KAMAZ-740.10. This is a V-shaped engine with a mechanical injection pump. With a volume of 10,857 cubic centimeters, he developed 210 horsepower. The diameter and stroke of the pistons was the same and was 120 millimeters. The engine has a 16-valve layout, that is, each cylinder had two valves (one intake and exhaust). To date, many of the units have already exhausted their resources. Therefore, it is not surprising that such KAMAZ vehicles have high oil consumption. As for fuel consumption, there is no stable figure. It all depends on the correct setting of the high-pressure fuel pump, as well as on the workload of the car itself and the availability of the trailer. Thus, the flow rate can be from 30 to 45 liters per 100 kilometers. Resource of the power unit to overhaul - 200 thousand kilometers. The engine can be repaired up to four times.
Система охлаждения на КамАЗе работала automatically. There is a viscous coupling, which independently activates the cooling fan if necessary. SOD uses antifreeze A-40. The system works according to the closed type and has several circuits with two thermostats. Regarding ODS owners do not express complaints. It works without problems. The machine does not boil and feels good at low temperatures.
Transmission
This car was installed mechanicalfive-speed gearbox with two-stage divider. Remote control using a mechanical drive. A separate pneumatic drive was responsible for gear shifting. The box, like the engine on the KAMAZ-53212, is not always in good condition. Today’s specimens have CPR issues. This is the wear of synchronizers, intermediate and other shafts.
Cardan gear on KamAZ includes 2tubular shaft. The hinges are on needle bearings. The latter must be lubricated with a margin to extend the life. The transfer of the main bridges is also double. However, gears differ in tooth types. The middle bridge is equipped with a center differential lock.
Chassis
The front of the car is equipped with a dependent suspension. It is a pivot beam with telescopic shock absorbers and semi-elliptical springs. Rear suspension is on the balancers.
The ends of the springs are made of a sliding type.The car was equipped with chamber 20-inch radial tires with a standard tread pattern. The wheels on KAMAZ do not have discs and are not balanced. And as a stopper side and lock rings are used.
Brakes and steering
The brake system includes several mechanisms:
- Working.
- Auxiliary.
- Parking lot
- Spare.
На всех колесах имеются барабанные механизмы с with a diameter of 420 millimeters. The brake drive is pneumatic. When activating the parking, spring power accumulators were included in the work. They blocked the pads on the middle and rear axles of the car. Auxiliary braking system is activated using a special button. The air is pumped by the compressor and stored in the receivers, pre-cleaned of condensate.
The steering mechanism is a gear withpower steering. The design is very reliable and rarely fails. The steering wheel is spinning effortlessly. But in view of age, these KamAZ trucks have to be regularly taxed. The car is constantly "looking for the road."
Price
At the moment, KAMAZ-53212 can be purchased atsecondary market. The cost is different, since each model is equipped with different bodies, and sometimes with additional equipment (we are talking about crane-manipulators).
So, the simplest version with a flatbedavailable at a price of 200-350 thousand rubles. KamAZ trucks with containers or bodies from trucks-foreign cars cost about 400-500 thousand. But the version with manipulators can be bought for one million rubles.
Finally
So, we found out what constitutesKamAZ-53212. Despite the cessation of production, this machine is still in demand. Basically, it is bought for transportation of grain crops, using it together with a trailer. For these purposes, the machine is ideal. The truck has a simple device and very maintainable. However, reliability is questionable, since the average age of the car is about 30 years.
