Every working person from time to timefaced with the need to go to the hospital. This situation may arise not only because of the treatment of their own diseases, whatever form they wear. Before you get sick leave, you need to know under what circumstances the responsible specialists and institutions do not have the right to refuse. All is important:
- grounds;
- submitted documents;
- correct filling of the sick-list;
- relationship during treatment with the employer;
- the size of payments, which differs in various parameters.
How to get a sick leave?Answering this question, it can be said for sure that the procedure is fully determined by law. That is, gross violations can lead to criminal liability.
How to be if there is a real need to get sick leave? What do we have to do? Where to apply for a lawful receipt of sick leave and payments on it?
Reasons for obtaining
Больничный лист представляет собой определенный document. He legally and for legitimate reasons gives the right to a temporary non-performance of his labor obligations. The legality of this document is determined by the presence of grounds that can be considered:
- illness or injury at work or at home, pregnancy and childbirth, IVF treatment, and artificial termination of pregnancy;
- the need to care for a sick relative, whose disease does not have the character of remission in chronic illness;
- care for a child up to seven years old, including quarantine in a preschool or educational institution;
- with complications resulting from dental treatment;
- operational and rehabilitation after her period;
- finding a spa treatment.
Obligatory conditions
Before you get sick leave, it is important to clarify the mandatory conditions that entitle you to payments:
- the presence of Russian citizenship, which is confirmed by a passport;
- official employment required. In this case there is no difference, is the organization of budget or private, the main thing is the presence of a formal labor contract and deductions for insurance payments;
- religion workers;
- official unemployed persons in the center;
- KFH employees, notaries, lawyers and individual entrepreneurs.
Интересно, что выплаты по больничным листам The latter category can be obtained only if there is an OMS policy, as well as foreigners who have been injured at work, for whom the same condition is mandatory.
Refusal to receive a document. What could be the reason for this?
We have already figured out how to get a sick leave. However, there are situations when they can be refused. The reasons for this may be the following circumstances:
- simulation of the disease, which doctors will have to prove;
- in chronic diseases that are not in the acute phase;
- at medical examination, which was organized by the employer and the military enlistment office;
- being under arrest;
- being at school as a student.
However, there are situations when the refusal is not justified or even illegal. In each of these situations, the issue is solved in its own way.
Ailment simulation
And yet you can often come across the neednon-attendance due to non-health reasons. Then the question arises of how to get sick without getting sick. In this case, the output is a simulation of the disease, which is expressed:
- In complaints of high values of pressure, provoking this effect in various ways, for example, pressing on the heels at the time of its measurement.
- In provocation of acute allergic reactions.
- You can also contact a neurologist or traumatologist with complaints of back pain or severe stretching due to carelessness.
Of course, this is not a complete list of simulations, withfaced by doctors. And in the case of obtaining a hospital in this way, the situation may be complicated if fraud is revealed, especially for the health worker.
Where is the sick leave issued?
How to be if really sick? How to get sick leave?
The list of institutions where you can get a disability certificate is limited to:
- Public health institutions, namely clinics, hospitals and dispensaries.
- Частные клиники.Upon receipt of a hospital in a paid clinic, a prerequisite is the availability of a form in the established form and the right to issue it. Although if there is a form, it can guarantee the appropriate license for the activity being carried out. There are no special differences from getting a hospital in public clinics, except for the established cost of services.
- Dental clinics or offices.
- Specialized clinics, neuropsychiatric and TB dispensary.
- Patients medical research institutes.
Who issues sick leave?
It is easy to determine the category of doctors who have the opportunity to open a sick-list, since this issue is dealt with by a specific person:
- the district or primary care physician to whom the patient is attached;
- attending dentist;
- specialist available in the medical institution of the settlement, if it does not have a polyclinic.
For the passage of sanatorium treatment hospitalgives the attending or local doctor. Only for this purpose it is necessary to present the voucher available on the hands, the completed spa card and a document reflecting information on the method and place of receipt.
Separately, you need to clarify how to getsick leave is not at the place of residence. Indeed, sometimes doctors refuse to extradite him for this reason. In accordance with the law, such a refusal is considered illegal in the presence of an OMS policy. So that at the time of need for a hospital there are no complications, you need to write a statement in the prescribed form addressed to the head physician of the nearest polyclinic to the place of residence, so that the applicant can be attached to a specific doctor.
If the doctor still refuses to prescribe a hospital, you must contact the insurance company and the relevant health department with a complaint.
Stages of getting sick leave
Now about the most important thing. Getting a sick-list can be divided into the following stages:
- The first step is to seek help from the clinic or call a doctor at the house.
- After presenting a passport or other identity document, an outpatient card will be entered along with the OMS policy, or an existing one will be issued.
- The doctor will record the start date of the sick-list. He will also assign the necessary list of analyzes.
- Depending on the severity of the disease, outpatient or inpatient treatment will be prescribed. The duration of the sick-list depends on it.
Dates of sick leave. What are they?
The terms are determined in the range from five days to one year. The latter is possible in special cases:
- detection of tuberculosis;
- complex operations and injuries.
Otherwise average duration:
- a sheet from the dentist is issued for no more than 10 days;
- for outpatient treatment up to 15 days;
- in the case of a hospital up to 30 days.
Often you can meet the question of how to getsick leave for a week. The legislation does not stipulate such a period. However, given that the working week is most often five days, and the sick-list is most often issued for five working days, it is not difficult to calculate that in the end the period of the sick-list is a week.
После того как все симптомы болезни прошли, и tests show a good result, the hospital sheet is closed. To do this, make the appropriate entries and the end date, which are fixed with a triangular and official stamp.
Relationship with the employer
Как известно, больничный лист оплачивается из Fund FSS, in which the employer makes the necessary contributions to each employee. However, in order to receive payments, it is the accounting at the place of work that makes the necessary calculations. They can also be independently carried out, knowing such data:
- For employees whose work experience is more than 8 years, the sick-list is paid at 100% of the average salary.
- If the experience in the framework of from five years to eight, the size of payments will be 80% of the average wage.
- If it is 6 months - 5 years, then 60%.
- When an employee is employed in the service at one place for less than six months, the sick-list is calculated on the basis of the minimum wage rate.
A prerequisite is the statement of the employer in the knowledge that the employee goes to the hospital. There is no question of desire, it is rather an obligation.
Modern technologies
Today, mostdocument flow is transferred to electronic format. This also affected sick leave. Since July 2017 medical institutions, employers, the Social Insurance Fund and employees have been able to design an electronic sick-list.
How to get an e-hospital sheet? Now tell
- Employees of medical institutions make the necessary information in a special software for creating a document.
- The document is certified by a digital signature by the responsible officer.
- The data is sent to the FSS.
- Insurers enter the information received from physicians into a special register and certify an electronic document, after which it also sends it to the FSS.
- Based on the available information, the amount of payments is assigned, depending on the insured event.
The process of filling the hospital in electronic format is also simple. For this:
- In the personal account on the FSS website, an employee of the company fills in a part of the sick-list that is reserved for this.
- With the consent of the patient, the medical professional records the information in the appropriate field of the document.
- All information is transmitted to the FSS.
Such a transition not only saves moneybudget, but it also becomes the most convenient, as it reduces the time that an accountant spends on collecting and transmitting a package of documents, especially when the company is large and there are a lot of employees.
A small conclusion
Now you know how to get for a weeksick leave. We hope that this information was useful to you. Summing up, we can say that, having the opportunity to compensate for the occurrence of illness and injury, it makes no sense to carry them on their feet and further deteriorate their health. Ultimately, this can lead to disability much earlier than planned. And this will not improve the standard of living in the long term. But groundless and, moreover, illegal breaks in labor activity should not be allowed either. In this case, you can not only lose the job, but also freedom.
