Therapeutic physical training in scoliosis: a complex of effective exercises

Любые искривления позвоночного столба доставляют man a lot of inconvenience. In addition to external changes in the shape, gait, they are significantly harmful to health. Scoliosis is a common and common problem that occurs in the thoracic or lumbar region of the spine. Physical therapy for scoliosis is one of the most effective ways to eliminate the disease.

What is a disease

Spinal curvature is most affected.children and teenagers. At an early age, the bone skeleton is formed, any systematic violations of posture quickly lead to a change in the shape of the spinal column. Under the influence of the load on the thoracic or lumbar region, a change in posture occurs, which is restored in the process of rest.

Постоянное искривление ведет к деформации костной basis, the shape of the chest changes, the location of internal organs is shifted. The development of scoliosis occurs with frequent irregular load on the spine. The course of the disease provokes the formation of a hernia, pinching of the spinal nerves, severe pain, loss of full-fledged work capacity.

Causes of appearance

Among the frequent and common factors affecting the curvature of the spine and the deformation of the vertebrae, the following are particularly prominent:

• the consequences of thoracic and lumbar injuries;
• the presence of rickets, causing softening of the bones;
• wrong body position when sitting at a table (desk);
• a shift in the center of gravity during exercise;
• intensive sports at an early age, without specialist control;
• frequent unilateral load as a result of professional activity;
• hereditary predisposition;
• congenital abnormalities.

In the initial stage of scoliosis, exercise therapy exercises help to cope with the illness without much difficulty.

Classification of the disease

In medicine, scoliosis is divided into several majordegrees and species. This takes into account the presence of deformation of the vertebrae, the direction of displacement in the right or left side, the type of curvature and bending angle. The first degree includes changes in the spinal column with an offset of up to 10 degrees. Externally, the disease is invisible under clothing.

При 2 степени искривление достигает угла 25 degrees, the bend of a pronounced nature, there is a slight asymmetry of the shoulder line and the lumbar region. Scoliosis of the third degree is diagnosed in patients with a bend angle of up to 50 degrees. Extreme, 4 degree has a vertical deviation of the spinal column more than 50 degrees. S-shaped disease is a right-sided curvature of the thoracic spine, with the lumbar region shifted to the left.

Types of treatment

Exercise therapy for scoliosis of 1 degree is the maintype of therapy does not require additional medical measures. In addition to regular gymnastics, the patient should limit physical exertion, properly equip the workplace, excluding long spinal curvatures.

A disease of the second degree requires consultation withorthopedist, neurologist, pulmonologist. The patient is selected special shoes, corrective gait and posture. A complex of physical therapy for scoliosis of 3 and 4 degrees is assigned in addition to physiotherapy, manual procedures, and pharmacological therapy.

General rules of physical therapy

Gymnastics recommended for curvaturespine is not a temporary event. To maintain a permanent form, it must be carried out regularly as an integral part of the lifestyle. Performing exercises for scoliosis, you should remember several important and basic rules that will help ensure excellent results.

1. When doing physical therapy, the load is excluded when the body is in an upright position. It is necessary to avoid sharp turns of the body, active dancing, fast running and jumping.
2. Gymnastics is conducted at a slow pace, the number of repetitions of each exercise gradually increases. It is necessary to begin with the simple movements warming up muscles.
3. In the formation of correct posture, an important role is played by the hands and feet. The complex of necessary exercises includes several mandatory approaches to these groups.
4. Being engaged in physical therapy, you need to pay special attention to the technique of conducting classes. Exercises to fight the disease are asymmetrical, they require precise execution.
5. The final part of the gym is aimed at relaxing muscle tissue. Restored breathing, massage.

The result of the exercise in scoliosis depends on the time of the training, its regularity and compliance with the instructions of a specialist.

Physical education for children

Toddlers and teenagers are often at risk.development of scoliosis. This is due to incorrect body position during school hours, homework. Permanent spinal curvatures lead to deformities of the vertebrae, thereby aggravating the extent of the disease.

Лечебная физкультура для детей при сколиозе requires the presence of adults. Do the exercises in a room with good air circulation. Training for children of primary school age does not exceed 10-15 minutes, adolescents can practice up to half an hour. The appearance of the slightest signs of discomfort or pain indicates an immediate cessation of classes. Therapy of therapeutic exercises is carried out in the prone position, back, standing on all fours.

1. In the initial position on the abdomen should be placed hands along the body, legs straight. Within a few minutes you need to stretch the spine, stretching your arms forward, the body does not come off the floor.
2. During the next exercise, hands are pressed tofloor at shoulder level. The chest should be pressed to the floor, head raised up. Hands perform gliding movements forward, after which they are bent, thus reducing the shoulder blades. The number of repetitions is 4-6 times. In the supine position, the arms are locked into a lock behind the cervical vertebrae, the right leg and the left arm alternately bend, and the elbow reaches for the knee joint. For each group of limbs you need to do 5 repetitions.
3. Arms are placed along the body, legs slightly.bend at the knees, tilt to the right, hold the pose for a few seconds. Next, repeat the exercise in the left side. The number of repetitions is no more than 5 times on each side.
4. Standing on all fours, the back is gradually rounded, the head is raised high up. Hold the position for 3-5 seconds, then bend the back, pressing the chin to the chest.
5. Standing in the starting position on the knees, the right leg is bent, pulling the knee to the head, the movement is repeated with the left foot. For each leg you need to do 4-5 repetitions.

After completing the last exercise, the child needs to relax and rest for a few minutes in a calm state.

Gymnastics for adults

Physical therapy for adult scoliosisit is also performed while standing on all fours, lying on the stomach, back. Before training, you need to perform light warm-up, which helps to warm up muscle tissue. In the initial position of standing, feet shoulder-width apart, arms gently lift up on the inhale, make a broach, slowly lower down on the exhale. Repeat the exercise 5-6 times, carefully tracing the breath.

In the initial position, the hands are placed onshoulders, when the body is tilted parallel to the floor, the arms are pulled forward, exhaling, fixing the position for 5 seconds, returning to the initial position, taking a deep breath. It is effective for warm-up to perform several shallow squats, pulling hands forward. All exercises must be performed slowly, maintaining uniform breathing.

The main complex

После предварительной разминки можно переходить directly to the execution of the workout. You need to start from the starting position while standing, the hands are placed on the shoulders. Slowly perform circular movements of the elbows 4 times forward and back. It is important to maintain a slow pace, avoid sudden movements.

The following exercise is performed while standing,alternately lowering the shoulder with its lead back. Return to the starting position. At the same time do not allow the rotation of the body, trying to maximize the use of the shoulder joint. The number of repetitions on each side 5-6 times.

In supine position effectively performlegs "scissors" and "bicycle", it is desirable to observe the minimum angle between the legs and the floor. Thus, the abdominal muscles are worked out. The duration of each exercise is 30-40 seconds, after which you need to give your feet a rest for 1-2 minutes.

To strengthen the muscular system of the lumbar region, you should perform exercises lying on your stomach.

1. In the initial position, arms bent, palmsrest against the floor at shoulder level. Slowly raise the chest, straightening his hands on a breath, his head tilted back. The position is fixed for 5 seconds and smoothly returns to the original, making a deep breath. The number of repetitions 5 times.
2. Lying on your stomach, you need to raise straight legs andthe upper body, bending the lower back, arms stretched forward. Holding the pose, legs are slowly moved apart, after 2 seconds they are brought together and gradually return to the starting position. Exercise is performed in 2-3 approaches 4 times.
3. В исходном положении ноги ровные, руки за головой.At the same time, the upper part of the body rises with the arms extended and the legs to a height of 15-20 cm from the floor. Pose hold 7-10 seconds, then take the starting position. The number of repetitions 6 times.

The first training is best carried out under the supervision of a specialist to understand the technique of implementation and feel the number of repetitions.

initial stage

Physical therapy for scoliosis is effective inthe appearance of the primary signs of illness. Get rid of the running form is completely impossible. Gymnastics helps only to adjust the current state, avoiding complications. When symptoms of the disease are found, it is recommended to perform a basic course of exercises, which corrects minor curvatures, strengthens the muscular corset, improves health.

Техника выполнения не отличается от упражнений with scoliosis more difficult. It is important to observe the measured movements, to avoid an increased load on the vertebral discs, to control breathing. Proper and regular gymnastics will help not only to get rid of the deformation, but also to prevent its occurrence in the future.

Exercises for scoliosis of the thoracic

With curvature of the spine in the upper sectionspecial attention during training should be given to breathing. Doing the exercises is carried out exactly following the instructions of the specialist. Physical therapy for scoliosis of the thoracic spine is aimed at eliminating the deformity that causes compression of the sternum.

In the process of development of pathology often sufferrespiratory organs, including the lungs. To relieve a painful condition, exercise should be performed in the supine position. The arm on the side of the curvature is located along the body, the second is raised up. On the exhale, it is necessary to raise the upper body, pulling the head out to the maximum. The posture is held for 5-7 seconds, after which they take a breath and return to the starting position. The number of repetitions in the initial stage of the disease is 5-6 times. In the presence of a complex form, perform 2-3 sets, 4 repetitions, with a break of 2 minutes.

Special cases

Exercise therapy for S-scoliosis differs little fromcommon exercises, however, it is necessary to exclude all kinds of inclinations. In the lumbar region, they are able to increase the arc of curvature. Corrective gymnastics in this case includes exercises in the supine position, abdomen. The use of special inclined simulators is permissible.

Physical therapy for scoliosis of 2 degrees is carried out in several main stages:

• initially perform exercises aimed at stretching the spine;
• the next stage is corrective training;
• muscle strengthening exercises;
• connection of manual therapy;
• arrangement of life with orthopedic clothing, footwear, bedding.

Getting rid of an illness is a long and complicated process, in which it is important to follow all the basic rules.

Prevention

Exercise therapy for scoliosis in children and adults helpseffectively fight the disease. However, the regular implementation of simple gymnastic exercises will help not only to ensure the prevention of distortion, but also strengthen the body.

Parents should watch carefully as they sit.at the table a child, correct his posture, explain the possible consequences of scoliosis. As a preventive measure, experts recommend regularly visit the fresh air. Do not be redundant exercise, visiting the pool.