Many plants have such useful elementsas cardiac glycosides. They contribute to the active tone of the heart vessels and muscles. These are active substances - glycones and aglycones, having a steroid structure. Not the last role is played by lactone rings in aglycones, without which cardiotonic properties lose their power. In some plants they are five-membered, and in such as hellebore, spook and others, six-membered.
Here are plants containing cardiac glycosides:
- lily of the valley;
- yellowcone;
- strophanthus;
- foxglove;
- Adonis;
- bollard;
- oleander;
- Kendyr.
The main substance in cardiac glycosides is aglycone.
In the pharmaceutical nomenclature, there are certain types of medicinal plants from which cardiac glycosides are made - drugs that improve the cardiovascular system.
Cardiac glycosides. Classification
We have already talked about the lactone ring, which has considerable value in cardiac glycocytes. These rings define the group to which the glycosides belong.
Первая группа - это буфадиенолиды, имеющие six-membered ring. This type of glycoside is found in cutaneous secretions in toads. Only this type is used in the pharmaceutical industry. But plants containing bufadienolidy, and there are about 20 compounds, are not used in medical practice.
The second group contains cardenolides -glycosides, in which the lactone ring is five-membered. This group is found in medicine much more often than buphanodienolides, and has about 380 compounds. If a lactone ring of such a group as cardenolides disintegrates under the influence of alkali on it, then all the properties useful for the heart muscles simply cease to exist.
Cardiac glycosides. Preparations
Consider the basic drugs favorably.acting on cardiac activity, and containing aglycones. You must read the instructions for the use of drugs such as cardiac glycosides. Drugs of this effect may have an unexpected effect, for example, on the patient's nervous system.
“Adonizid” is a drug based on spring adonis. 1 ml of the substance contains 2.7-3.5 KED. It has the appearance of a yellowish liquid. The specific smell. Bitter taste.
Herbion is heart drops containing aglycones. Such medicine is stored for about three years.
«Дигален-нео» – лекарство, изготовленное из leaves rusty foxglove. Improves the performance of the cardiovascular system. It has a light yellow tint, the taste of the drug is bitter. The reaction is weakly acid.
«Дигоксин» – это лекарство имеет уникальный Composition of several types of foxglove, one of which is woolly foxglove, which has a strong effect on the cardiovascular system. Digoxin is the main substance found in the woolly foxglove, namely in its leaves. This glycoside has several names, for example, Lanoral or Oxydigitoxin.
"Cardiovalen" - this drug medicationincludes a complex of plants containing aclicones, such as scattered jaundice, spreading (extract), concentrated adonizid (85 ICE in ml), liquid hawthorn, as well as valerian tincture and others. The drug is quite effective and fast.
"Korglikon" - a medicine containing several glycosides, made from the leaves of the lily of the valley. 1 ml of the substance contains 1.8-2.2KED. The liquid is clear, bitter.
"Lanthoside" - a drug from70% alcohol, glycosides taken from leaves of woolly foxglove. Liquid light green color. The smell of alcohol. The taste is bitter. 1 ml contains 1,5-1,6KED. It is prescribed for heart failure.
“Strofantidin acetate” is a powerful drug that comes in powder form. It does not dissolve in water. 1 g of strophanthidine acetate contains 4500-5500KED.
“Celanide” is a genuinic glycoside made from leaves of woolly foxglove. It has several names, such as "Izolanid" or "Lanacroist".
We learned about a group of medicines called"Cardiac glycosides". These drugs are very strong on the effects on the body. Do not forget that before buying medicine, you need to consult with your doctor, learn about the reaction to the drug, as well as carefully study the contraindications and side effects.
