Nursing process in hypertension: stages, table

Hypertension is the resultpathological condition of high blood pressure. This disease is considered to be quite common, and some people may not even be aware of it.

Features of hypertension

Symptoms of hypertension:

• frequent headaches;
• dizziness;
• decreased performance;
• increased irritability;
• memory impairment;
• feeling weak in limbs.

Possible complications:

• myocardial infarction;
• brain stroke;
• kidney failure;
• acute heart failure.

How is hypertension treated?

The purpose of the treatment of hypertension is to reduce blood pressure. This is achieved by the following methods:

• use of antihypertensive drugs;
• getting rid of bad habits (for example, smoking, drinking alcohol);
• weight loss;
• reducing the amount of eating salt;
• sports and massage treatments.

The treatment process is delayed for a long time.In the initial stages of the disease, the patient may himself adhere to the regimen established by the doctor, but there are times when planning nursing care for hypertension is necessary.

What it is?

The nursing process for hypertension is a specially organized way of providing medical care for each patient individually.

The functions of the nurse during the nursing process:

1. Providing patient care that is as follows:

• creating conditions for recovery;
• carrying out all hygiene and preventive procedures;
• assistance in the implementation of some of the desires of the patient.

1. Conducting the training of the patient and his relatives to the necessary skills that are aimed at maintaining the patient's health.
2. Increase scientific knowledge and research activities, followed by application in practice.

Stages of the nursing process in hypertension:

• service;
• diagnostics;
• identification of the goal of nursing interventions;
• drawing up a care plan and its implementation;
• analysis of the results.

It should be borne in mind that the sisterly process in atherosclerosis of hypertension is especially relevant.

First step

The purpose of the first stage is to conduct a nursing examination, which involves the collection of subjective information, an objective analysis of the data and the psychosocial situation of the patient.

Stage 1 of the nursing process for hypertension is to perform the following actions by a nurse:

• establishing a trusting relationship with the patient;
• receiving an answer to the question: "What awaits the patient as a result of the treatment?";
• analysis of all necessary information that will allow you to create the right plan for patient care.

Second phase

The purpose of the second stage is to identify all existingand potential patient problems with hypertension. The nursing process also includes the diagnosis of each complaint. The problems of the patient may be physiological and psychological in nature, therefore, for each of the complaints it is necessary to draw up a diagnosis.

Next will be considered the nursing process in hypertension (table of physiological problems and their diagnosis).

What else is the nursing process for hypertension? The table of psychological problems and their diagnosis plays an important role here.

Stage 3

Objectives, which includes the nursing process in hypertension, help in the preparation of an individual treatment plan.

Tasks are short-term, designed for one week and a little more, and long-term, continuing throughout the treatment.

For a more precise definition of the goals of nursing intervention, it is necessary that the tasks meet the following criteria:

• reality and degree of achievement;
• urgency of implementation;
• participation of the patient in the discussion.

Before setting all the objectives of the intervention, the nurse should identify:

• what functions the patient can perform independently;
• Does the patient succumb to learning the characteristics of self-care?

Fourth stage

The purpose of this phase is to develop a nursing intervention plan for treatment and its implementation.

The care plan is a table that includes the following items:

• date;
• the problem of the patient;
• what result is expected;
• description of qualified assistance;
• patient response to nursing intervention;
• date of achievement.

A plan may provide several possible solutions to a problem. This ensures a high percentage of positive results.

A nurse should adhere to the following rules when executing a plan:

• the developed plan must be carried out systematically;
• in the implementation process it is necessary to involve the patient and his relatives;
• with the slightest changes in the patient's state of health or the appearance / exclusion of new complaints (symptoms), it is necessary to make changes to the plan;
• All scheduled procedures must be carried out clearly according to the algorithm.

Fifth stage

Competent analysis and evaluation of the results of the work of nursing interventions is an important stage for developing a further mode of life for a patient with hypertension.

During the evaluation, you can get answers to the following questions:

• is there any progress in prescribed treatment;
• whether the expected result corresponds to the achieved one;
• how effective is the nursing intervention for each of the problems of the patient;
• whether revision is needed.

Для более точных результатов итоговая оценка performed by the same nurse as the patient’s primary examination. Evaluation of the feasibility of treatment will be incomplete if the following rules have not been followed during nursing care:

• all nursing interventions (major and minor) were not recorded;
• actions were not documented immediately;
• not observed all deviations in the patient's condition from the norm;
• fuzzy terms were used;
• there are empty graphs in the plan.

And most importantly, as a result of nursing care, the patient should become better, he and his relatives should learn the basic actions from the developed plan.