Редко кто столкнувшись с термином «пролиферация», can understand what it is immediately. A terrible incurable disease, prescribed medication, and maybe, so doctors among themselves let us know about the strangeness of the patient?
Definition of term
So proliferation - what is that word?This is a biological term that means cell growth, otherwise - mitosis. Cells that have the same properties simultaneously begin to develop in the same place - in the language of science - they have a local location. At this time, they are affected by external and internal factors:
- Neurogenic and hormonal stimulation.
- Proteins of their own cytoplasm.
Sometimes cell growth can linger or change under the influence of a pathogenic factor.
How is proliferation carried out?
Proliferation occurs at the very endinflammatory process, when the destruction of bacteria and viruses, which are pathologically affecting tissues, ends. Signs of proliferation can be seen at the stage at which the destroyed cells begin to recover, toxins to be eliminated, and damaged surface tissues to recover.
Of course, notice a simple glance likeproliferation replaces inflammation, is impossible. All processes take place at the intracellular level. Protein B2-macroglobulin produced at this stage restores vascular permeability, which is lowered during illness, protects connective tissue from damage. Free radicals disappear inside the cells, superoxide dismutase neutralizes them - a substance contained in the human body, an antioxidant enzyme. Proliferation occurs at this stage. That this cellular revival is visible by the processes. Cells stop synthesizing pathogenic mediators and new healthy receptors appear on their surface. The old ones are sucked in and destroyed.
The mechanism of development of proliferation
In order to understand, proliferation is what it is and how it happens, for example, consider the usual wound, for example, on the oral mucosa.
Everyone has seen the formation of an ulcer on the surface.white film - fibrin. It fills the damaged surface. The main educator is protein - fibrin. Then the tissue becomes more mature, new vessels appear in it - the surface of the former ulcer rises above the main one. The epithelium begins to recover literally immediately after the damage, and this already shows that the body is given a command from the inside to build up a new surface over the damage, to restore the lost structure.
How proliferation occurs, what the process is at this stage, the tissue surface is restored under the scab or during primary and secondary tension - it all depends on the depth of the wound and its area.
- Primary tension is when the wound heals.without effort, it is small, there is no infection. The appearance of epithelial tissue causes a scab, and the abrasion heals within 3-7 days. The scab is rejected.
- Healing under secondary tension occurs,
Pathological process of cell growth
Proliferation is not always a blessing. Consider the example of the digestive tract.
Under the influence of increased acidity in the stomachcan cause ulceration and erosion. Of course, the proliferation mechanism is launched. Cells begin to form in the deepest basal layer of the epithelium. Rise to the surface, form an impenetrable barrier, restore the destroyed surface - everything seems fine.
Proliferation in gynecology
In the life cycle of women of childbearing ageproliferation occurs regularly. During menstruation, the endometrium is rejected, then restored. Therefore, when taking a hysteroscopy - a scraping from the uterine wall - or when examining an ultrasound machine, it is very important to consider which phase of the endometrial proliferation. During the monthly cycle, the endometrium has a different thickness, and it is for him that the work of the female genital organs is judged.
The endometrial growth phase is a very important parameter for the assessment of the pathological picture. Without knowledge of this parameter, an exact diagnosis cannot be made even by an experienced specialist.
