Diabetes mellitus is a serious disease fromwhich, unfortunately, it is impossible to get rid of completely. As you know, on the background of the disease there is a violation of hormonal secretion in the tissues of the pancreas. And quite often, patients are prescribed synthetic insulin "Isofan." This substance controls blood sugar levels, ensuring the normal functioning of the whole body.
Of course, patients are interested in anyadditional information about the drug. How does Isophane semisynthetic insulin affect the body? Instructions, contraindications, possible complications during therapy are important points that will be discussed in the article.
Form of issue
It's no secret that diabetesA common and dangerous disease that requires the use of various drugs, including insulin. "Isofan" - the trade name of the drug, which is a ready-made mixture of semi-synthetic hormones. Available medicine in the form of a solution for subcutaneous administration. The drug is sold in glass vials with a volume of 10 ml with a dosage of 40 MU / ml. To prepare the solution used purified water for injection.
If other medicines with the same composition andproperties that insulin isophane. Its synonyms are “Insuman”, “Protafan” and “Himulin”. It should immediately be said that such drugs are available only by prescription, or they are given by an endocrinologist.
What are the properties of the drug?
Insulin "Isofan" is aa semisynthetic hormone that has the same properties as a substance produced by the human pancreas. The drug reduces the amount of glucose in the blood by increasing the processes of lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis.
Синтетический гормон взаимодействует с insulin-dependent receptors of cell membranes, activating metabolic processes inside the cell. After taking the drug, activation of the synthesis of certain enzymes, including glycogen synthetase, pyruvate kinase and hexokinase, is observed.
The effect can be observed already after 1-1.5 hoursafter the introduction of the solution. Depending on the dose and the characteristics of the patient's body, the maximum activity of synthetic insulin is observed 4-12 hours after administration. The effect lasts from 11 to 24 hours.
Main indications for use
The drug "Insulin Isofan" is used whendiabetes of the second type (insulin-dependent form). It is also used for temporary insulin therapy. Sometimes this treatment is also required for type 1 diabetes. For example, the introduction of the solution is recommended for patients in cases where glucose-lowering drugs do not give the desired effect.
Human insulin administration is required aftersome surgical interventions. This medicine is also used for gestational diabetes mellitus (this form of the disease develops in women during pregnancy). Introduction of insulin to expectant mothers is recommended if diet therapy does not have the desired effect.
Semi-synthetic insulin "Isofan": instructions for use
In patients with type 2 diabeteslifelong therapy is needed. Dose, daily amount, schedule of introduction - all this is determined by the treating endocrinologist. It is important to strictly follow all the requirements of a specialist. There are some general rules for using the insulin-isophane medication.
- The solution is intended solely for subcutaneous administration. In rare cases, the doctor may recommend injecting the medicine intramuscularly. Intravenous injections are prohibited.
- The drug should not be administered in the same place.
- First you need to shake the vial several times, then draw the required amount of solution into the syringe (the dose is adjusted individually).
- Injection should be carried out immediately after filling the syringe.
Vials of the solution stored in the refrigerator attemperature 2-8 degrees Celsius. Before the introduction of the drug to measure the level of glucose in the blood. In no case can not use the drug, if you notice a clouding of the solution, the formation of sediment on the walls of the vial.
Are there any contraindications?
The drug has somecontraindications - this data contains instructions for use. Insulin-Isofan is not prescribed to patients with hypoglycemia. Contraindications include insulinoma, as well as hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. It is worth noting that sometimes even a change in the injection site can lead to an allergic reaction and the appearance of other side effects.
Possible side effects
This drug is necessary for patients withinsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. However, therapy is associated with some complications. What kind of violations can cause the use of the drug Isofan-Insulin? The instruction contains the following information:
- The list of the most frequent violations includeallergic reactions, which are accompanied by the appearance of rash and urticaria, a sharp drop in blood pressure, fever and edema.
- The dangerous consequence of insulin therapy ishypoglycemia is a condition characterized by a decrease in blood sugar levels. Symptoms include paleness of the skin, rapid heartbeat, anxiety, trouble sleeping, constant feeling of hunger. Such a violation, as a rule, is associated with improper dosage or non-compliance with doctor's prescriptions. In the most severe cases, hypoglycemic coma develops.
- Starting treatment in some patients is associated with visual impairment. You should not worry too much about this, since in most cases such side effects disappear on their own.
- The list of possible complications can be attributed immunological reactions, which also pass as the body adapts to this form of insulin.
- At the beginning of the drug taking, skin reactions are possible, including redness and itching. They also pass by themselves.
- The introduction of too large doses of the drug is fraught with mental disorders. There is marked irritability, anxiety, changes in behavior, the development of depression.
It is necessary to understand that it is necessary to administer insulin "Isofan" according to a schedule drawn up by a doctor. Skipping the injection is accompanied by the development of diabetic acidosis.
Insulin "Isofan": analogues
In modern medicine to control the levelglucose is used synthetic human insulin (short and medium term exposure), analogues of the human hormone, as well as mixtures. Of course, the pharmaceutical market offers a lot of drugs that help to temporarily eliminate the symptoms of diabetes.
The list of analogues can include such drugsas "Actrafan", "Biogulin", "Diafan". In some cases, patients are recommended to take drugs Protafan, Humodar, Pensulin. The insulins "Bazal" and "Ferein" are also considered to be quite good. It should be understood that hormones are serious drugs, and you can never use them yourself. Only a doctor can pick up an analogue and determine the dose. For example, the presence in the solution of at least one additive in some patients may cause a massive allergic reaction, even anaphylactic shock.
Information on interactions with other drugs
Before starting therapy, be sure to informdoctor about taking medications. The effect of synthetic insulin is enhanced when taken simultaneously with sulfonamides, adrogens and anabolic steroids, MAO inhibitors, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The hypoglycemic effect is more pronounced against the background of the simultaneous use of the drug "Isofan" with ketoconazole, cyclophosphamide, quinine, chloroquinine, quinidine, drugs containing lithium. By the way, against the background of therapy it is not recommended to consume alcohol, since ethanol enhances the effect of synthetic insulin.
Estrogens, oral condoms, glucagon,heparin, thyroid hormones weaken the effect of the drug. The same can be said about nicotine, marijuana, morphine, some diuretics (in particular, thiazide and loop), tricyclic antidepressants.
In any case, it should be understood that without the knowledge of the doctor you can not change the dose or schedule of insulin. The appearance of deterioration and adverse reactions should be immediately reported to the attending endocrinologist.
