Unfortunately, hyperthyroidismis considered one of the most common diseases of the organs of internal secretion. It is also interesting that in women such a disease appears about 7-8 times more often than in men. Hyperfunction of the thyroid gland is a rather dangerous disease that requires careful diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Hyperfunction of the thyroid gland: causes. In fact, the causes of the development of such a diseaseenough. Quite often hyperthyroidism appears as a result of an overabundance of iodine in the body. This happens when a person independently takes high doses of iodine without a special need, and with the constant and unnecessary use of preventive drugs to protect the thyroid gland.
In addition, the cause of hyperfunction can besevere trauma or strong nervous strain, persistent stress or a serious tragedy in life. Sometimes such a disease manifests itself against the background of inflammatory processes in the tissues of the gland. In some cases, the increased function may be the result of a previous severe bacterial infection. There is also a factor of genetics.
Hyperfunction of the thyroid gland: symptoms. Enhanced release of thyroid-stimulating hormones inblood causes the active decomposition of glycogen and protein stores. That is why signs of hyperthyroidism can be considered a strong weight loss, increased allocation of sweat and heat energy, as well as a constant feeling of intense heat and tachycardia.
In addition, over time the sick person beginscomplain of a strong weakness in the muscles, trembling of the limbs, and sometimes all parts of the body. An increased concentration of hormones also affects the nervous system, causing severe excitability.
In some cases, the thyroid gland is stronglyIncreases and changes in its size are visible even for the naked eye. Another, rather characteristic symptom - is a pop-eyed. It can be accompanied by a strengthened and abundant release of tears, as well as swelling of the eyelids and skin around the eye. It is worth mentioning that sometimes hyperthyroidism is not accompanied by a pop-eyed.
Hyperfunction of the thyroid gland: treatment. In modern medicine, three main methods of treating hyperthyroidism are used - conservative, surgical, and also a method using radioactive iodine.
The choice of method of treatment depends onthe patient's condition, the form of the disease, the stage of its development, as well as some individual characteristics of the patient's body, for example, age characteristics or the presence of allergies.
Pharmacological treatment involves takingSpecial drugs that instantly reduce the level of hormones produced. As a rule, even short-term reception of such medicines causes noticeable improvements in the patient's condition. Subsequently, a person should take a minimum dose of these medicines within a year to completely heal. In no case should you stop taking the medication without the endocrinologist's advice, as the result may be a relapse form of the disease. In addition, during the treatment the patient should undergo regular checks, as taking certain drugs can cause hypofunction.
Surgical treatment provides for partialremoval of thyroid tissue. In this case, the patient remains a part of the gland, which is enough for the normal functioning of the body. This method is used only in cases of severe goitre, and also if the pharmacological drugs do not work.
Iodine treatment is based on increased digestionof this element by the thyroid gland. In this case, radioactive iodine, which is absorbed by the gland tissues, irradiates it from the inside and significantly reduces the level of hormones synthesized by it.
