Antacid preparations. Description

Antacids are a groupmedicines that reduce the acidity of the contents of the stomach. This effect is achieved by adsorption or neutralization of hydrochloric acid in gastric juice. It should be noted that antacid preparations mostly have an adsorbent and neutralizing effect.

Преимущественно нейтрализующее действие is characteristic of compounds of certain alkali metals. These include, in particular, calcium carbonate precipitated, sodium hydrogencarbonate, magnesium carbonate basic, magnesium oxide. Ion exchange resins and some aluminum compounds have an adsorbing action. Aluminum oxide, phosphate, hydroxide, especially in colloid form, also have an enveloping effect, while increasing the protection of the gastric mucosa, reducing secretory activity in the pancreas.

Antacid preparations, promoting the increase in pHstomach contents to 4.5, reduce the peptic activity of gastric juice. Medications with aluminum content contribute to the inhibition of pepsin, thus reducing the importance of the peptic factor in the formation of ulcers and the maintenance of inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal mucosa. Colloidal antacid preparations of aluminum (especially in the form of gels - "Fosfalugel", "Almagel") form a protective layer on the mucous in some way. This layer adsorbs various damaging mucous substances that are contained in the intestinal or gastric cavity, including toxins, microbial bodies, bile acids.

Antacids. Classification

Medications differ depending onthe ability to neutralize hydrochloric acid. For example, a gram of sodium hydrogencarbonate neutralizes about one hundred and twenty milliliters of acid, 155 grams of magnesium trisilicate, 200 grams of precipitated calcium carbonate, and so on. Among the means of the least activity in sodium hydrogencarbonate, the highest - in magnesium oxide.

Antacid preparations can act somewhathours. The duration of activity can be increased by holinoblokiruyuschimi medicines, H-2 histaminoblockers and other drugs that reduce the secretory function in the stomach.

Among the fairly common remedies of the group under consideration, one should mention such drugs as Maalox, Alamag, and Fosfalugel.

The last drug is a colloidalgel. Medication is taken orally. It is prescribed for dyspepsia, gastritis - before meals, with ulcers - after eating in an hour or two, and in case of pain - immediately. When reflux-esophagitis - before bed after eating, and with dysfunction in the large intestine - at night and in the morning on an empty stomach.

The preparation "Maalox" is issued in the form ofchewable tablets, powder and suspension. The agent contains magnesium hydroxide and algeldate. Usually recommend one or two tablets or a tablespoon of a suspension a day.

Means "Alamag" is produced in the form of a suspension. The recommended single dose for an adult is one spoon (teaspoon).