Peptic ulcer disease is characterized by localdefects of its mucosa (may be with the capture of the submucosa), which are formed by the action of bile, hydrochloric acid and pepsin and cause trophic disturbances in this area.
This disease has a recurring course. Unlike erosive lesions, the ulcer heals, leaving behind a characteristic scar.
There are many drugs thateffectively treat this pathology. One of the most popular is the drug "Gastro-Norm". The doctors' comments on the effectiveness of this medication will be presented below.
Packaging, form of the drug and its composition
In what form is the preparation "Gastro-Norm" produced? The instruction indicates that the substance in question is sold only in the form of tablets. They are packed in blisters and cardboard boxes.
The active element of this medication isbismuth subcitrate. Also in the composition of the tablets are auxiliary ingredients in the form of potato or corn starch, croscarmellose sodium and calcium stearate.
Pharmacological characteristics
What are Gastro-Norm tablets? The instruction says that this agent belongs to the group of astringents that have a local action.
The active ingredient of the drug is bismuthsubcitrate. It has gastro-cytoprotective, astringent and antimicrobial effects. Also this substance forms a film on the damaged sections of the mucosa of the 12-типерстной gut and stomach. It consists of albumins, that is, proteins denatured under the action of bismuth.
The drug in question comes into contact only with those proteins that are on the damaged areas, without changing the entire gastric mucosa.
Specialists have found that in an acidic environment the precipitation of bismuth proteins by the subcitrate is more active.
Features of the drug
What is remarkable about the drug "Gastro-Norm"? Instructions for use asserts that the gastro-cytoprotective effect of this drug is due to several mechanisms.
Bismuth subcitrate in cases of lesions of the stomach and 12-типерстной of the gut promotes:
- increased secretion of mucin, which is the basis of the protective mucose and bicarbonate barrier;
- increase the synthesis of prostaglandin E 2 and improve microcirculation in the mucous membranes of the antrum of the stomach and 12-colon;
- decrease peptic activity of gastric juice (bismuth subcitrate promotes the formation of complex compounds with pepsin, which can not break down proteins);
- a decrease in the acidity of the pH of the stomach (due to inhibition of the synthesis of hydrochloric acid).
Properties of the medicine
How do Gastro-Norm tablets work?They stimulate the regeneration of cells of the gastric mucosa and accelerate the healing of its ulcerative and erosive lesions, as well as restore the normal microstructure of the mucosa.
According to experts, antimicrobialThe effect of this remedy on Helicobacter pylori is explained by its ability to change the permeability of bacterial membranes, as well as disrupt the normal course of cellular reactions by inhibiting the activity of enzyme systems.
It should also be noted that Gastro-Norm reduces the mobility and virulence of microorganisms. To date, Helicobacter pylori strains, resistant to bismuth subcitrate, have not been identified.
Unlike other bismuth compounds, forThis substance is characterized by a high degree of solubility and deep penetration into the mucous membranes. Due to this, the active ingredient of this drug has a bactericidal effect on microorganisms under the slime layer and prevents the occurrence of recurrence of peptic ulcer.
Kinetics
Is the drug "Gastro-Norm" absorbed? Instructions for use say that this product has a low bioavailability, and is also hardly absorbed into the systemic circulation.
With prolonged medication, only low concentrations of bismuth in the plasma are noted, which decrease rather quickly after stopping the medication.
Getting into the systemic blood stream, bismuth subcitrate is excreted together with feces.
Tablet readings
What kind of a disease does Gastro-Norm treat?Experts say that this drug is used to treat people suffering from gastrointestinal diseases, which are characterized by the formation of ulcerative and erosive lesions of the mucous membrane.
Thus, the medicine is prescribed for:
- peptic ulcer of the stomach, including during the period of exacerbation;
- chronic gastroduodenitis and gastritis in the period of relapse
- gastritis and gastroduodenitis caused by Helicobacter pylori;
- peptic ulcer of the 12-типерстной intestine, including in the period of exacerbation;
- ulcerative and erosive lesions of the gastric mucosa and 12-типерстной intestines, arisen because of NSAID administration;
- dyspepsia, not associated with a stomach ulcer.
Contraindications
The drug "Gastro-Norm", the instructions for use of which is described below, can not be prescribed for:
- hypersensitivity to the ingredients of the medication;
- under the age of 14;
- during pregnancy;
- severe renal insufficiency;
- breastfeeding;
- a diet low in potassium (with extreme caution).
Medication "Gastro-Norm": instructions for use
Tablets "Gastro-Norm" should be taken half an hour before meals. They are swallowed whole and do not chew. Drink the medicine with a small amount of water (but not milk).
For patients older than 14 years, the drug is prescribed one tablet four times a day (30 minutes before breakfast, lunch, dinner and before bedtime).
The duration of therapy depends onseverity of the disease. Usually it is 1-2 months. After this, you should take a break, with a length of 8 weeks. During this period it is forbidden to take medicines containing bismuth.
Repeated treatment should be prescribed only by a doctor.
If Helicobacter pylori is present, it is recommended to adhere to the following scheme:
- The drug "Gastro-norms" in the amount of one tablet four times a day.
- Drug of a group of proton pump inhibitors.
- The drug "Metronidazole" in an amount of 500 mg three times a day.
- The drug "Tetracycline" - 500 mg four times a day.
Adverse Events
Tablets "Gastro-Norm", the analogues of which are listed below, are well tolerated by patients. Although in some cases, patients still experience the following adverse reactions:
- nausea, stool, vomiting, slight darkening of the tongue and staining of the stool in dark color;
- skin rash, the development of anaphylactic reactions and itching;
- headache.
With prolonged medication due to the accumulation of bismuth in the tissues of the central nervous system, the development of encephalopathy is possible.
Cases of overdose
Taking high doses of medication can cause the development of reversible disruption of kidney function. Symptoms of such a pathology may appear after 10 days or more.
When an overdose of the drug shows gastric lavage and the use of enterosorbents. Also, the affected person is prescribed saline laxatives (sodium sulfate or magnesium sulfate).
When expressed signs of an overdose show symptomatic treatment and therapy, which is aimed at supporting the normal functioning of the kidneys.
Interaction with other means
It is forbidden to eat food and drinks, and use antacid preparations half an hour before taking Gastro-Norm and after.
The medicament in question is not prescribed together with other medicines containing bismuth.
This agent can reduce the absorption of antimicrobials from the tetracycline group.
Special Recommendations
Before taking medication, you should consult a doctor.
It is not recommended to take Gastro-Norm tablets for a long time because of the possible development of reversible encephalopathy.
In the process of therapy should monitor the work of the kidneys and the concentration of bismuth in urine and blood, and refrain from drinking alcohol.
The active substance of this agent can cause blackening of the stool. On the quality of treatment this has no effect.
Similar tools and cost
The price of this drug depends on the amounttablets in the package (about 500 rubles per 100 pieces). If necessary, this tool can be replaced with Vis-Nol, De-Nol, Bi-Tol, Confirmim, Almagel A, Omega, Azamed and others.
Reviews
Consumer feedback on the drug "Gastro-Norm"are mostly positive. Most patients claim that this medication promotes the rapid and effective healing of ulcers and erosions in the digestive tract. However, there are people who talk only about temporary relief. Experts, however, assure that with properly selected therapy, this medication contributes to the speedy recovery of the patient and recovery of the stomach mucosa.
An essential minus of the means under consideration is the presence of many side effects. Most often against the background of taking tablets, patients develop nausea and vomiting.
