Nowadays there is a difficult and even dangerous forhealth ecological situation, so it becomes imperative to protect the health of both their own and their loved ones. To do this, there is a whole range of activities designed for the effective use of medical protection. They are necessary for the prevention and reduction of negative effects on the body of citizens of hazardous substances and to provide medical assistance in emergency situations. It should be noted that all medical protection of the population are divided into classes and types. Let's take a closer look at the classification and find out how to protect your health with their help.
Classification and necessary applications
By their use, remedies are divided into:
- Protection preparations that are used in radiation accidents.
- The means of medical protection, which is effective during chemical accidents and household poisoning with toxic and toxic substances.
- Substances that are used to kill infectious diseases and used during epidemics.
- Means that are used for the removal and destruction of toxic and harmful chemicals from open areas.
Medical protection includesoveralls and individual first-aid kit. These are the simplest means of protection that will be able to reliably protect a medical worker during the performance of his official duties. However, in more difficult situations or disasters, it is necessary to take a more serious approach to the issue of personal protection of employees who provide first aid to victims or are directly involved in eliminating the negative consequences of infection with viruses and bacteria. Also, such a first-aid kit will be able to help with various poisonings both in the household sphere and at a higher organizational level. For example, such kits are widely used in the army.
Types and features of protective equipment
There are several types of medical remedies.protection, which are effectively used depending on the situation and the degree of risk to human health and life. In the first place, medical workers and rescue personnel are provided with protective equipment. Personal protective equipment for medical workers, depending on the situation, may be standard or enhanced. The standard set of protective equipment for health workers includes an individual first-aid kit and special clothing. For more complex situations where there is a threat of an epidemic, a reinforced set of special clothes, shoes, improvised means and accessories is issued. The most common accessories are special protective masks, gloves, hoods and others.
Protective equipment for medical personnel
Let's take a closer look at remedies.medical staff. First of all, all medical workers are provided with working clothes that can protect them from splashes of blood, biological substances or toxic substances. Health care workers are obliged to observe personal hygiene, also wear personal protective equipment. Let's now consider them in more detail. Medical personal protective equipment includes:
- Rubber gloves are used to protect exposed areas of the hands. It should be noted that to work in conditions with increased danger, you must simultaneously use two pairs of gloves.
- Safety glasses, masks or special screens for emergency medical care.
- A magnet for raising fallen needles from the floor.
- Adhesive plaster or fingertips for handling cuts or scratches.
- Surgical gowns and laboratory suits.
Health care workers often feel affectedtoxic substances contained in various solutions for disinfection, modern washing preparations and means for disinfecting the room. An ordinary cloth mask or a mask made of gauze will protect them, but nowadays their effectiveness raises some doubts. It is much safer to use disposable masks made of nonwoven materials today, which serve as an excellent protection against toxic substances carried by airborne droplets and do not impede the process of human breathing.
Overalls of medical staff
To medical personal protective equipmentalso includes overalls staff. She is washed and disinfected in the laundry of a medical facility with the help of special tools and solutions. In each of them must be available medical skin protection. It is totally unacceptable for medical workers to work without protection, as well as to wash their uniforms at home.
Medical personal protective equipment, their varieties and purpose
It's no secret that employees of institutionsEvery day, health care workers put their lives at great risk, therefore, specially developed for them are the means of individual protection of medical workers who can very effectively help staff to preserve not only health, but sometimes their own lives. At their workplace, they are forced to come into contact with sick patients, be at risk of contracting infections, sometimes working with hazardous and toxic substances. The use of medical remedies plays a big role in this. How to protect yourself and reduce the negative impact on your body in such difficult conditions? Of course, you should use a means of medical protection. This is the way to really be able to save the health worker during the execution of his duties.
So, what do they mean by the term “means of medical protection”? What does it mean by its use and necessity? What are their classes?
Нас интересуют медицинские средства personal protection, which are responsible for the safety of the health care provider. These include: special means for disinfection and disinfection, medicines and materials, a first aid kit, special clothes and accessories.
And now we must pay tribute to the security systemhealth in our country. Today, our medical institutions fully have personal protective equipment for medical workers, as well as means for disinfecting, cleaning and disinfecting premises. Means for special processing of medical instruments and devices. All polyclinic workers and mobile ambulance brigades are fully staffed with modern medical kits for first aid to the injured.
Rules of working with a first aid kit
The moment the staff gets medicalpersonal protective equipment, everyone should check the contents of the first-aid kit issued to him, read the instructions and learn the rules of use. For security reasons, it is absolutely not recommended without the special need to unauthorizedly open the first-aid kit, to move and open the cases where the tablets are stored. It is strictly forbidden to open or violate the integrity and tightness of packages with dressings and chemical protection packaging. The main functions of an individual first-aid kit:
- Conduct mutual assistance events.
- Assistance to the victim with various injuries.
- Assistance during fracture, dislocation and other injuries.
- Assist in severe intoxication or chemical poisoning.
- Defeat of radioactive substances.
Медицинская аптечка представляет собой красный Rectangular plastic case, where all the necessary medicines and related products are located. The mass of the first-aid kit is 130 grams. All drugs are in plastic containers and are located in special niches. They are also called "pharmacy nests." In addition to the drugs, the bag also contains an individual anti-chemical package and materials for dressing. All medical protective equipment located here is intended for urgent medical actions.
Purpose and use of chemical package
Individual anti-chemical package containsvial with polydegassing liquid and a set of napkins. These items contribute to the effective disinfection of the skin, clothing items of citizens not younger than 7 years. It should be remembered that the fluid that is in the package is poisonous, it is necessary to handle it very carefully and try to keep it out of the eyes and mucous membranes. Materials from this package can also be used during bacteriological processing.
Methods of application of materials for dressing
The dressing package is completed with sterilebandage with two antiseptic pillows. It is used for dressing the injured in wounds, to stop bleeding from wounds. Also, the package comes with detailed instructions, which specify the rules for the use of all materials.
The main rule in working with the dressing bag is to maintain sterility, since the materials will be in contact with open wounds.
Collective medical remedies and their use
With personal protective equipmenteverything is clear: these include funds that are obliged to ensure not only the safety of the medical worker, but also to help him to fully assist the victims, to carry out the full range of necessary medical measures. But what about the second type of medical protection? What is included there, and how effective are they in use? When should they be used? Let's see what is collective medical means of protection and what is their task? In what situations is it necessary to apply them, and what is a remedy of a relatively large number of people?
Collective medical remedies andPrevention includes the provision of first aid to victims of mass poisoning with toxins and chemicals, vaccination, vaccinations and other preventive measures aimed at preventing the spread of the epidemic, mass chemical and radiation poisoning, and conducting activities related to viral quarantine. This also includes measures for the complete destruction of harmful and toxic substances, sanitization and disinfection.
During a massive epidemic threat, medicalhelp is provided by victims of the disaster medicine department. In the place of a person who has suffered, employees can take a set of measures to stop the bleeding, to treat and apply dressings on wounds and burns resulting from an emergency. Victims who have had fractures may be given first aid in the form of an overlay of a tire and an injection of an anesthetic, help is given with asphyxiation, and a heart massage is performed. Having received one of the types of first aid, the victim is then transported to a hospital or hospital.
The means of medical protection of the population - quarantine
What is quarantine?What is this medical remedy showing its effectiveness? During the detection of sources of infections of such dangerous diseases as smallpox, anthrax, plague, cholera, a decision is made on the implementation of quarantine measures in the infected area. Simply put, quarantine is announced in this area.
The first is the cordon of the hearthinfections, most often by forces of the militarized divisions. People are forbidden to move outside the zone, take out property. It is possible to go beyond the cordon by passing an appropriate medical examination and obtaining a special permit. All medical personnel who work in the quarantine zone must use enhanced medical personal protective equipment for their own safety. These include primarily a special quarantine suit. Depending on the type of virus or bacteria that has spread, medical professionals may use an anti-plague or viral suit.
Features of the viral costume of a medical worker
Medical personal protective equipment includes various types of workwear. One of these very effective means is a viral suit, which consists of such items:
- Anti-plague suit.
- Jumpsuit and hood.
- The bandage for the face.
Thanks to this means of medical protection, an employee in the quarantine zone will be able to maximally protect himself from dangerous infections.
Effective quarantine measures are possible when the following conditions are met:
- Operational isolation of infected people in the quarantine zone.
- Observation.
- Creating a quarantine zone with a cordon.
Важную роль при уничтожении очагов инфекций и epidemics are played by medical means of protection and prophylaxis, which meanwhile are used in the appropriate volume. To the most effective measure to combat toxic environmental poisoning include sanitization. A complex of measures aimed at neutralizing toxic and hazardous radioactive materials, bacteria on the surface of the earth, personal belongings, objects of protection. Sanitization can be of two types:
- Complete
- Partial.
How is the partial treatment in the territorycontaminated with dangerous toxins and radiation? It should be carried out very quickly, immediately upon arrival at the contaminated territory or after leaving the zone of radiation damage. So, the first thing that needs to be done is to take off clothing items and shake them several times so that the radioactive particles fall to the floor. To carry out this procedure is necessary for the wind. Then removed things need to hang and knock out with a stick or other improvised means. Next, you need to rinse the surface of the face and palms with running water. Then all open body surfaces must be treated with disinfectant solutions.
Full sanitization means washingall parts of the body with warm water and soap, medical assistance to all victims, where necessary - the use of medical remedies used in such moments.
One of the effective means isdeactivation. A complex of measures is being taken in order to remove infected particles from the ground. During these actions various special powder and soap solutions are widely used and, of course, ordinary water is used. Decontamination and disinfection are also necessary measures that are part of the complex of means of combating radioactive, chemical infections or epidemics. What do these two definitions mean? What is their role? Decontamination is the task of removing volatile chemical particles, and disinfection is a treatment aimed at the complete destruction of viruses and toxins that are dangerous to humans, animals and the environment.
