Prostate diseases often bothermen of middle and old age. In addition, inflammatory processes can occur even in young people and children. In acute prostatitis, the problem can be solved by the appointment of antibacterial drugs. But getting rid of chronic inflammation is not so easy. Especially if calculous prostatitis has developed. This disease often leads to impaired outflow of urine. In addition, the man does not have the opportunity to have a normal sex life, as the fluid of the prostate gland (sperm) also does not pass through the ducts. As a result, there are pain and difficulty urinating. All this gives the man not only physical inconvenience, but also psychological discomfort.
What is calculous prostatitis?
Inflammation of the prostate gland in the elderlyoften has a chronic course. Owing to the long-existing pathological process, the functions of the organ are violated. This leads to the formation of stones (stones). Such complications often occur in old age. Calculous prostatitis is a pathology in which the formation of stones in the gland itself or its ducts against the background of chronic inflammation occurs. This problem is very worried about the representatives of the stronger sex. After all, 2 functions are violated at once - urinary and sexual. As a result, many men experience apathy, irritability, and aggression. Because of such disorders of psycho-emotional background, some patients do not seek medical help. It may also be due to embarrassment or an erroneous opinion that in the elderly this condition is the norm. It should be remembered that prostate stones can be removed. However, not all cases require surgery.
Causes of stones in the prostate gland
Naturally, calculi do not appear inprostate gland just like that. This is preceded by an inflammatory process. The reasons for which there are signs of calculous prostatitis, are divided into 2 groups:
- Endogenous factors. It is understood that abnormalities in the body function contributed to the formation of calculus.
- Exogenous factors. This means that the pathology is caused by external causes (not due to disturbances occurring in the body).
Endogenous factors include various harmfulimpact. Among them: smoking, alcoholism, drug addiction. Also, the development of prostatitis contributes to the irregular sexual life (too frequent sexual contact, rare communication or masturbation). Exogenous causes include various organ damage (injuries, complications after surgery). In addition, this group includes inflammation of the prostate gland caused by the penetration of microbes into it.
There are 2 main pathological mechanismsdue to which the formation of stones in the prostate and its ducts occurs. These include stagnation of the secret of the prostate gland and the transfer of urine into the cavity of the organ.
Calculous prostatitis: symptoms of pathology
The symptoms of calculous prostatitis resemblesigns of chronic inflammation of the prostate gland, but are more pronounced. The main clinical manifestations are painful and difficult urination in men. Unlike non-calculous prostatitis, the disease under consideration is characterized by the fact that the symptoms bother the patient at any time of the day, and not primarily at night. This clinical picture arises due to violations of the outflow of secretion of the prostate gland and urine. The cause of this symptom is a partial or complete obstruction of the duct by a stone. In addition, there are other symptoms of calculous prostatitis. Among them:
- Pain in the pelvic region. May occur not only during urination. Men complain of pain in the perineum, coccyx, lower abdomen.
- Erectile disfunction.Due to the closure of the duct of the prostate gland, seminal fluid cannot flow normally from the organ. As a result, complete sexual intercourse fails. In severe cases, a decrease in libido, lack of erection.
- Painful urination in men is often accompanied by false desires. In this case, the pain in the perineal region increases. In most cases, little or no urine is excreted.
- The appearance of pathological impurities in the semen. Most often observed bloody discharge. Sometimes in the seminal fluid you can notice an admixture of pus (rarely).
What to do with calculous prostate in men?
Клиники, где лечат калькулезный простатит, are available in any city. In the regional centers there may be no hospitals with a urology department; nevertheless, a general surgeon may provide medical assistance for this problem. If you suspect inflammation of the prostate gland, you should contact the clinic to the local doctor. He will prescribe the necessary examination. When detecting calculi in the ducts of the prostate of the patient is sent to an outpatient surgeon. He assesses the situation and decides whether conservative treatment is possible or a planned surgical intervention is required. Symptoms for which you need to seek medical help, are difficult and painful urination in men, pain during ejaculation, blood in the semen.
Diagnosis of calculous prostatitis
In the appointment of the examination specialistbased primarily on patient complaints. The most characteristic of them is the appearance of blood in the seminal fluid, pain during intercourse. These clinical signs are caused by trauma to the mucous membrane of the ducts of the prostate, which occurs due to friction of stones on the surface of the organ. Obstructed urination in men also occurs with non-calculus inflammation of the prostate gland. It appears due to compression of the urethral tract by an enlarged prostate. If a stone is suspected in the prostate gland, laboratory and instrumental examinations are performed. General blood and urine tests can confirm the presence of an inflammatory process. Changes in KLA are characterized by an increase in the number of leukocytes and an accelerated ESR. Erythrocytes, protein and bacteria may be present in the urine. It is also important to conduct a study of seminal fluid. With calculous prostatitis, there is a decrease in the activity of spermatozoa, the appearance of blood. In addition, a digital examination of the rectum is performed. With rectal examination, an increase in the size of the prostate and a change in its shape are diagnosed. From instrumental diagnostic methods, ultrasound of the prostate gland, computed and magnetic resonance tomography are used.
Treatment of calculous prostatitis
Treatment of calculous prostatitis is necessarystart at the first manifestations of pathology. Some varieties of calculus can be derived from the prostate gland, without resorting to surgery. These include oxalate, phosphate and uric acid stones. Conservative therapy is indicated if the stones are small. The treatment is aimed at removing the inflammatory process. Antibacterial drugs are used (medicines "Tsiprolet", "Ofloksatsin"). Anti-inflammatory drugs are also prescribed. Among them are drugs "Voltaren", "Diclofenac." To get rid of stones, physiotherapy is recommended.
In the presence of calcium calculus, surgical intervention is necessary. Operational methods include:
- Lithotripsy - crushing stones with a laser. It is an endoscopic procedure and leaves no scars.
- Operative intervention.
Complications of calculous prostatitis
Calculous prostatitis can lead to developmentcomplications. Among them: rupture of the organ or ducts of the prostate gland, inflammation of the abdominal cavity - peritonitis, infertility. With large calculi, bleeding from the prostate or urethra is often observed.
Prevention of prostate diseases
Профилактика калькулёзного простатита заключается in a healthy lifestyle, exercise. It is also important to avoid unprotected sex, which can lead to infectious diseases. It is necessary to periodically visit the urologist with a consultative purpose (1 time per year).
