После того как пострадал организм от инсульта, some parts of the body cease to function. Excessive muscle tension causes resistance when trying to straighten or bend the arm. Will require competent restorative gymnastics after a stroke, including complex exercises. This therapy can be performed at home, with the help of relatives or independently.
Exercise objectives
Gymnastics after a stroke is performed forrestoration of all motor capabilities of the body, ranging from simple clenching of the hand to complex rotational pirouettes while dancing. Often it is not possible to fully regain abilities, but with maximum effort, it is possible to ensure that the patient can perform the functions necessary for life.
The rehabilitation period may be limited to a year, butin reality, the restoration lasts the rest of your life. Gymnastics after a stroke at home should be carried out continuously - with the help of relatives in the first months and independently until the full return of the abilities to precise movements.
What needs to be achieved?
Gymnastics after a stroke is designed for the following purposes:
- restore all previously acquired skills and abilities to perform complex movements;
- make more intensive blood flow, which will favorably affect the state of the whole organism;
- normalize the lymphatic system;
- reduce recovery time.
All listed results of therapy are embodied.in life, if conducted daily therapeutic exercises after a stroke at home. Additionally used drug treatment and therapy on the devices. If the patient has a personal motivation to recover, the effectiveness of the exercises will be much higher.
The basis of physical therapy laid literatesequence. The patient should not experience overload and stress. Mental experiences negatively affect the effectiveness of the treatment. At the entire recovery stage, it is the brain that controls all the movements. If it blocks the nervous system, then you can get the opposite effect from training.
Sequencing
Not recommended by independent forces to tryregain your mobility. Therapeutic exercise is appointed individually by the attending physician. The main factor guiding the path to a successful recovery is systematic following step-by-step instructions. The frequency of repetitions of the complex of exercises is constantly adjusted to the patient's well-being.
Gymnastics after a stroke includes:
- assistance in the clinic, aimed at the return of the basic abilities of the body motility;
- independent exercises that must be done constantly, even in bed;
- the help of relatives in the immobility of the body in the first days after the stroke.
There are three consecutive stages in the rehabilitation period:
- Preparation for exercises.
- The beginning of passive movements aimed at restoring muscle memory.
- The active form of employment.
What is the basis of treatment?
Лечебная гимнастика после инсульта базируется на a simple principle: the more often elementary exercises are done, the higher the probability of being healthy until the end of life. During rehabilitation, the patient performs the exercises systematically, without a reminder and at any possible moment.
All types of repetitive movements are aimed at returning abilities:
- distinguish between specific colors and respond to them;
- hear well and distinguish sounds;
- perform simple mathematical calculations;
- reactions when nerve endings are triggered;
- make complex movements with his hands when playing the piano, conducting or drawing.
The brain should gradually restore its functions, including the ability to joke, rejoice and show other feelings with facial expressions and movements.
Doing the exercises in the first days
Gymnastics after a stroke is carried out only after preheating the muscles. Most often, this procedure is performed using:
- ointments;
- hot water bottles;
- hot tub;
- warming massage.
Immediately after discharge from the clinic, the patient shouldproceed to the so-called passive way to perform physical training. They begin with elementary movements of the arm, leg, eye, head. All classes are held in the supine position, because it is still difficult for a person to even sit.
The initial period lasts no more than two weeks, allbody manipulations are carried out under the supervision of a physician. Close people contribute to the patient, helping to move limbs and maintaining it on a moral level.
Self Exercise
In the hospital bed, the patient is already startingto conduct the same type and simple movements. Each worked out exercise is complicated in consultation with the doctor: the duration or intensity of manipulation increases. If you personally wish, a person will be able to continue to perform the previous training, but combining it with a new one.
Consider what you can do. Medical gymnastics after a stroke in bed may include:
- The work of the muscles of the eyelids, eye. Attempts to rotate the eyes tight blink.
- Front movement. Grimaces in the form of a smile, an expression of sadness. Conduct classes, which frown on his forehead, frown, etc.
- There is a constant development of the hands, fingers and toes.
- The patient can bend the knee, rotate the foot.
- Exercises for the head: turning to the side on the bed lying down, trying to raise and lower.
- Any attempts to straighten up while holding the upper headboard will be helpful.
Exercises for the lower limbs
To restore the body, the movements of all parts of the body are restored. So, there is a separate gymnastics of the legs after a stroke:
- On the foot is held finger exercises to restore blood circulation and sensitivity.
- Rotation of the foot with alternate straightening like a ballerina.
- Полное сгибание и разгибание конечностей hold until you succeed, so you can make simulators using a linen gum or towel so that you can control the movement of the paralyzed leg.
- Attempts to move the foot ball or other objects.
- Circular exercise legs on the bed or when lifting.
Exercises for the upper limbs
Initial gymnastics after a stroke impliesthe development of hands, the quality of human life and all movements performed depend on them. Passive exercises begin to be carried out immediately, with the immobility of the patient. These include clenching fists, flexing all fingers, extending the hand and rotating movements.
It will be useful to recount the fingers, bendingeach one is consistent. All exercises can be built in the form of a game to immediately restore emotional memory. After the brush has been fully developed, they move on to stretching the muscles of the arm. Passive workouts achieve relaxed movement of the joints.
The initial stages of the exercises are always the most difficult.But, having achieved the first independent movement, the patient feels confident in the cure. Although such an achievement can be a simple wince. Such an insignificant jerk means that muscle control has appeared, and the signal from the brain has reached the right place.
После первых побед над своей рукой нельзя stop. The patient must constantly try to spread the influence of the brain on all muscle tissue. Gradually, a positive result will come, after which complex hand movements will be possible. Not all patients regain the ability to write after a stroke, but this is connected, rather, with motivation.
Speech training
Часто больные не могут полноценно произносить sounds. To restore the lost opportunities, articulation gymnastics is carried out after a stroke. They are combined with facial movements of the face. Such exercises may include the following exercises:
- Inflating cheeks, patients try to pronounce simple sounds. At the same time pull the lips with a tube, squeeze them. Releasing the air, trying to draw in the cheeks.
- Practiced movement of the tongue inside the mouth. To restore sensitivity, you can slightly bite it.
- Strength exercises inside the oral cavity are carried out, trying to move their jaw, cheeks or lips.
Work with the lungs
All types of training for patients shouldaccompany breathing exercises after a stroke. This type of exercise is aimed at restoring blood circulation and supplying oxygen to fixed parts of the body. It is carried out at any slightest muscle tension.
The task of training with the help of a doctor or closehuman - make the chest move more intensely. To do this, exert pressure with the hands on the movement of the lungs in alternate pushes as you exhale or inhale. The position changes constantly. This method makes the patient to breathe independently more confidently, with large volumes of air.
Intense exercise
The initial period is characterized by successfulachievements on the path to recovery, should be smoothly replaced by more difficult types of training. They are necessary for the full work of the heart, lungs, brain. The active phase of gymnastics is already more fun, the most unpleasant moments are left behind.
This rehabilitation period is combined withsquats, full morning exercises. Workouts can also be carried out in bed to avoid unnecessary stress on the body. These may include lifting both legs, pelvis, back.
For charging standing torso fit,squats, swinging arms and legs. All sets of exercises must be selected together with your doctor. It is recommended to avoid overloads in the first months of recovery.
