Если вы чувствуете, что возможности вашего compact camera limit you, there are enough reasons to pay attention to DSLR-cameras. These are modern devices with large image sensors, excellent optics, reliable manual controls, enhanced performance and versatility of interchangeable lenses. True, all this additional functionality is expensive, and the price of a digital SLR camera may increase, especially after the purchase of additional accessories.
Кроме того, необходимо помнить, что деньги are embedded in the DSLR camera system. If the first device was a Canon, then there is a high probability that the model of the same manufacturer will be next, so that the opportunity to use old lenses and accessories will remain. Below are the most important aspects to consider when buying digital SLR cameras, as well as the most rated models that exist today.
Understanding Sensor Size
Most consumer DSLRs useimage sensors, the dimensions of which, although much larger than those of ordinary digital cameras, are somewhat smaller than a 35 mm film frame. This can be a little confused when talking about the field of view of the camera, since the focal lengths for compacts are often compared to 35 mm equivalent. The standard APS-C sensor has a 1.5-fold “crop factor”. This means that the 18-55-mm lens, which comes bundled with most DSLRs, covers a 35-mm field of view, equivalent to 27-82.5 mm. This is comparable to the 3X zoom lens of a conventional camera with a focal length of 28 mm.
The larger sensor has many advantages.It allows you to better control the depth of field of the image - to isolate the object and create a blurred background. This effect is often called the Japanese term "bokeh." Much has been written about its quality, but the general rule is that the more light enters the matrix, which is numerically expressed by a diaphragm, aperture or f-number, the more blurred the background can be obtained. A lens with a maximum f / 1.4 aperture transmits 8 times more light than with f / 4, and can create a shallow depth of field with equal focal length and shooting distance.
Another reason to stopYour choice on a large sensor is to minimize image noise. The 20-megapixel DSLR has much larger pixels than a regular camera with the same resolution. These large pixels allow you to set a higher sensitivity of the sensor, measured in digital form as ISO, with less image noise. The advantage of a larger surface area is that changes in color or brightness are more gradual than those of soap trays. This makes it possible to achieve more natural images with a greater sense of depth.
Full frame cameras
Some DSLR DSLR Cameras (Canon EOS 6D)equipped with sensors that are equal in size to 35 mm film. These full frame devices are usually more expensive than their counterparts with the APS-C matrix. If in the future there is an intention to move to the full frame, you should be careful when buying lenses. Some of them are intended for use only with APS-C. Canon calls the line of its EF-S APS-C lenses, and lenses covering the full frame are called EF. Nikon DSLR cameras use a similar approach, labeling trimmed optics with a DX combination, and full-frame ones using an FX. Sony adds a DT to its APS-C lenses, and Pentax calls them DA.
Camera selection
It is very important to choose a camera that is comfortable.lies in the hands. Although most DSLRs are similar in size and assembly, the style of the handle, the position of the controls, and other ergonomic characteristics can differ dramatically.
The selected DSLR digital camera should be the mostconvenient to use. If it is too big or too small to be comfortable, if the controls are not arranged as the user would like, then you will most likely not be able to enjoy shooting fully.
Mirror Viewfinder
By definition, a DSLR has an optical sight,which shows an image captured by a camera lens, but not all are the same. A mirror directs light to one of two types of viewfinders. The first of these, the pentamirror, is usually found on entry-level devices, such as the Canon EOS Rebel SL1 that costs $ 549.00 or the Nikon D5500. In this type of viewfinder, 3 mirrors are used to redirect the image to the eye of the photographer, which turn it so that it turns out to be correct, unlike the inverted picture on the sensor in reality.
Pentaprism
Второй тип видоискателя DSLR-камеры – это pentaprism. It is a solid glass prism that does the same thing as a penta-mirror. The first is usually heavier and brighter than the second. Extra brightness makes it easy to crop images and allows you to better ensure that the photo is in focus. Pentaprisms usually begin to appear in mid-range SLR cameras, such as the EOS Canon 80D at a cost of $ 1199.00, and are standard in professional devices like the Canon EOS-1D X Mark II ($ 5999.00). Pentax K-70 - one of the few entry-level models with a viewfinder of this type, which has one hundred percent coverage. This affordable camera is completely sealed for use on rainy or snowy days.
You should also pay attention to the increase andframe coverage percentage, as it gives an idea of the actual size of the image and shows how much of the captured image can be seen. In both cases, it is better to look for the maximum numbers.
Another option: EVF
A small number of SLR cameras on the marketoffers a third option viewfinder - electronic. Sony DSLR cameras with fixed translucent mirrors, such as the Alpha 77 II, are sometimes called SLT. Instead of redirecting the light to the eye, it reflects on the auto focus sensor. If the user is not configured for the optical viewfinder, then these cameras should be considered. Even the full-frame flagship Sony Alpha 99, worth $ 1998, uses OLED EVF, while avoiding the glass pentaprism that is common in other full-frame SLR cameras. If this option is suitable, then mirrorless cameras can also be explored - trimmed models with the same sensor size as DSLR devices, but without a mirror that duplicate an image falling on the matrix in real time.
Continuous shooting
Compared with conventional digital devicesDSLR cameras are also high speed. The time between pressing the shutter button and capturing an image, called the shutter lag, and the time between shots is often a problem with compact cameras. SLR cameras tend to focus very quickly, and their shutter lag is almost imperceptible. Continuous shooting is measured in frames per second. It is necessary to look for a camera that can shoot 3 fps, although sports photographers and naturalists will need a device that shoots faster than 5 fps.
Autofocus speed
Of course, the auto focus systemshould keep up with the frame rate. Basic SLR cameras such as the Nikon D3300 often have only a few AF points, making it difficult to track moving subjects.
Canon 7D Mark II and Nikon high-end camerasThe D500 autofocus points cover most of the frame, making them favorites among users of sports and wildlife photography. Continuous shooting and autofocus go hand in hand, so it is important to look for a camera that has sufficient performance on these two parameters.
Sight on the screen and HD video
Video recording is currentlystandard function of SLR cameras. You need to look for one that keeps autofocus during recording. You should also check the auto focus speed when shooting in live view mode, as it can often be very slow. Canon has made strides in increasing the autofocus speed when recording video in T6s and 70D models, and Sony cameras focus just as fast during video recording as they did in photography. If the user plans to use the video function often, then the presence of the microphone input jack is important - the external one will record much better than the built-in one.
Telephoto lens
Most novice digital usersSLR devices are not going to purchase additional optics, but there are those who consider it necessary to expand the standard equipment. First of all, in addition to the standard 18-55 mm telephoto lens is chosen. Usually, a variable zoom is used, starting at 55 mm and ending at 200 mm or 300 mm, which will help to produce more close-up shots. The plan for spending on such optics should include $ 200–300.
35mm lens
Another popular type of optics isfast, with a normal angle, a simple lens. Before zooms became popular, film SLR cameras were often supplied with 50mm f / 2 optics. Due to the smaller sensor in consumer mirrors, today it corresponds to 35 mm f / 2.
The standard angle gives a field of view that is almostdoes not differ from the human eye, and a fast aperture allows you to shoot in low light conditions, as well as isolate the object by blurring the background. Depending on the DSLR camera, the price of these lenses can vary, but it should be expected that it will be in the range of $ 175 to $ 350.
External flash
Although consumer mirroredCameras, as a rule, have built-in flash, many photographers prefer more powerful external devices. They emit more light, and they can often be moved to use reflected light to illuminate an object. Reflections of the flash from the ceiling to illuminate the entire room can be achieved using a special device, but not a sliding DSLR camera system. Depending on energy requirements, charge time and the possibility of transfer, an external flash can cost from $ 150 to $ 500.
External screen
Монитор для DSLR-камеры устраняет ограничения a small screen on the back of the camera, which does not allow precise focusing while shooting, have time to notice glare and shadows, adjust the white balance and shoot at a large angle.
Stabilizer
The DSLR Camera Stabilizer is a devicewhich will minimize unwanted movement. For example, a three-axis DJI Ronin-M with an electronic suspension is designed for cameras weighing up to 3.6 kg. It gives the photographer complete freedom while working on pictures for 6 hours - this is the battery life of the device on a single battery charge. It is enough to fix the camera and balance it, and the built-in processor will make the necessary settings. 0.02 ° accuracy will satisfy the most demanding professionals.
In addition, it is possible to remotely control the stabilizer via Bluetooth and iOS applications. Supported module DJI LightBridge, which broadcasts video over a distance of 1.5 km.
A bag
Another necessary accessory is a bag forDSLR cameras. Sony LCS-BDF, for example, is a convenient and compact case that accommodates a camera, a zoom lens and additional optics. Mesh pockets at the front are designed for transporting and storing various carriers, filters, etc. There is an additional pocket at the back and a shoulder strap with a soft, removable lining.
