Melancholic, sanguine, choleric, phlegmatic istypes of human temperament. This term should be understood as a sustainable combination of individual features that are associated with dynamic, but not meaningful aspects of its activity. The division of temperament into 4 groups is due to the peculiarity and intensity of the flow of nerve processes and human metabolism. Sometimes this includes body type.
What is temperament?
In psychological practice, it is considered thatthe individual always has a mixed temperament, that is, he cannot be only a sanguine or melancholic. Traits of all types of temperaments are inherent in each person, but in different proportions. At the same time, some scientists put forward the theory that a person can have only one type of temperament (due to the type of higher nervous system). Thus, the features of other types of temperament are individual characteristics of the psyche of each person, but not a manifestation of a certain type.
In today's article, we want to pay attention only to one type of temperament - such as melancholic. This is due to the vastness of the topic.
Melancholic - who is it?
People in this category belong tointuitive logical type. They have a weak, unstable type of nervous system. Melancholic - is the instability of emotions, the presence of unfounded fears and anxieties, inconstancy and mild excitability. In addition, people with this type of temperament have high fatigue and indecision. The feelings of the melancholic are unbalanced, the reaction is slow, from the outside they seem inexpressive, without active accompaniment with mimicry. But despite the apparent slowness, the nervous system of such an individual is very sensitive to stimuli. External influences greatly affect the mood of melancholic. Just a few minutes of communication can completely spoil or, conversely, raise his spirits. This property is characteristic only of this type of temperament. As you can see, not so closed and it turns out melancholic. What is it about others? This is a violent reaction to the words of the interlocutor, but without the external manifestation of emotions.
Melancholic appearance can be distinguished by hismobility. This type of person flexibly changes under the influence of the situation, environment or behavior of the interlocutor. Melancholic is a person who is drawn to the movement. The constitution of such a person is generally dry and changeable. In terms of thinness and weight loss, melancholic is second only to choleric.
Proficiency
Melancholic - who is this by profession?The mental abilities of a person with this type of temperament are as good as they are unstable. He can easily understand the material, but it is just as easy to forget it. Such people need to occupy themselves in the intellectual sphere of activity. Here he will feel most confident. Recommended areas of activity include:
- programming;
- data-mining;
- planning and design;
- analytics.
At the same time, melancholic people need to avoid emotional stress and do not overload themselves with contacts with other people.
External signs
Melancholic is a person with a high metabolic rate. Therefore, he rarely gains weight. But at the same time, the metabolism is unbalanced, which can lead to severe fatigue.
Human melancholic can be characterized by such signs:
- The features of the face are subtle. The appearance is a bit fragile. Reasonably expressed thinness.
- The parts of the body are elongated. The limbs are markedly elongated (compared to the general proportions of the body).
- Muscles are mild, thin. Bones protruding, flat.
- Thorax concave or flat. The costal angle is acute. The back is flat and narrow.
- Narrow waist, at the same time, the pelvis and shoulders - wide.
- The forehead is tall, square. The skull narrows down. The volume of the upper part of the head is larger than the lower.
- On the back of the head there are projections. The shape is strongly mown to the neck. Parietal area usually pointed.
- The chin comes forward. The lower jaw is weak, with a noticeable narrowing downwards.
- The cheekbones are well defined, often pointed.
- The nose is pronounced, stands forward, has a pointy.
- The neck is thin or medium thickness, long. Adam's apple is well pronounced.
The importance of temperament
Temperament determination is important when buildingrelationships in both professional and personal fields. In many ways, the success of a business or relationship depends on an understanding of the fundamental characteristics of the human psyche. It is especially important to understand the type of temperament of the child, because the difference or incompatibility of its type with parents can cause additional problems.
So, a melancholic child is very difficult to understandunbalance and sharpness of the father-choleric. This greatly complicates the communication of the child with the parent. At the same time, a child with such a temperament adapts well to the structuredness of time and activity in a school or kindergarten, but it is difficult for him to fight for a place in a group of one-year-olds.
The parent of such a child should understand that someSlowness and vulnerability is a natural feature of the perception of the world, and actively insisting on one’s position or trying to change a child can lead to problems in the future. Remember, melancholic is a person who is letting everything through the prism of internal emotions!
