In the modern scientific literature devotedconflict psychology, currently there are about one hundred definitions of this phenomenon. But they differ significantly in formulations, since the authors identify different sides of the conflict.
Самым популярным и общепризнанным определением is the following. Conflict is a manifestation of subjective and objective contradictions, which are expressed in the confrontation of the parties. Currently, there are several of his classifications, which were created for several reasons.
The types of conflicts in accordance with the level of the opposing sides were highlighted by A. Zdravomyslov:
- interindividual;
- intergroup.
In general, its classification is descriptive.
The types of conflicts identified by R. Dahrendorf are generally recognized. This classification is currently the most popular because it was able to cover a large number of parameters.
First, in accordance with the sources of occurrence, the scientist identifies conflicts of identification, values and interests.
Secondly, by the presence of social consequences of counteraction, they are unsuccessful or successful, constructive or constructive, destructive or destructive.
Third, conflicts are distinguished by scale. In accordance with this, there are global, megaconflicts, macro-, micro, interstate, regional and local conflicts.
Fourthly, conflicts are different forms of struggle (non-peaceful and peaceful).
Fifth, confrontations are divided according to the characteristics of the conditions of their origin (exogenous and endogenous).
Sixth, conflicts can be divided according to the attitude of the subjects towards them (latent, false, random and genuine).
Seventh, there are debates, play and battle on the features of the tactics used in the confrontation.
Types of social conflicts singled out A. Dmitrov. He built his classification on several grounds.
- In accordance with the scope of activities there are political, economic, educational, social, labor, social and other conflicts.
- The types of conflict are also highlighted in relation to a specific subject. On this basis, there are: internal, or personal, as well as external (intergroup and interpersonal).
It is also accepted to distinguish the following types of conflicts in psychology:
- Role-playing, in which there is the problem of choosing one of the existing desired and possible options: intergroup, interpersonal and intrapersonal.
- Motivational, professional-related (dissatisfaction, constant overload and stress at work).
- Cognitive, which usually concern only a particular person, his inner world and self-perception.
But the most common classification in which the types of conflicts are highlighted is the following:
- На внутриличностном уровне существуют обычно internal human confrontation (the struggle of motives, desires, and so on). Usually they are the most difficult to solve, since it is very difficult for a person to come to an agreement with himself.
- Intergroup conflicts thatinclude opposition to the interests of certain groups in any field. They are most often generated by the struggle for resources that are limited, as well as for spheres of influence in one organization. Usually in a team there are a large number of informal and formal groups that have different interests, desires and aspirations.
- A variety of conflicts at the interpersonal level, the causes of which are different (family, professional and others).
As you can see, the types of conflicts can be distinguished in many ways and characteristics.
