Reading drawings is a must andcondition when applying for a job as an engineer of any qualification. This document is the main component of each project, without which neither the development of an oil and gas field nor the construction of a residential building will begin. To work successfully with this documentation, the employee must have knowledge of the exact sciences and have certain drawing skills. In this case, reading the drawings will not cause difficulties.
Project organizations provideoperating company multiple copies of sets of documentation. One of them is a working version for a developer company, designed to properly organize the work of the engineering staff directly at the facility.
Reading construction drawings allows you to definethe purpose of the building, its exact dimensions, the location of the equipment, as well as the types of structures and materials. Here the projected object is depicted in three versions: the facade, the plan and sections (longitudinal and transverse). When viewing the image of the facade you can see the general view of the building and the height of all elements relative to the floor level. This information is read at the marks to the left of the main figure. The layout of the object clearly shows the location of the entrance, exit, number of rooms and their purpose, as well as the size and thickness of the bearing walls and partitions.
When designing a residential complex orindustrial buildings, during the development of gas and oil fields in the first stage, a master plan for the construction site is developed. Reading the master plan drawing gives an overview of this section. Here is a schematic representation of the layout of buildings, structures, engineering networks, as well as possible natural objects that fall into the area of development. In the presence of artificial obvalovaniya territory in the drawings shows a cut with an indication of the size and material of the embankment.
In addition, for hazardous and potentially hazardousObjects are developed sections ITM GO Emergencies (engineering and technical measures of civil defense, measures to prevent emergency situations) and PB (fire safety). For this purpose, the master plan drawings are used, which indicate the areas of possible damage, their size and the place of the accident (rupture of the pressure pipeline). A detailed reading of the drawings of these sections allows you to plan and carry out the necessary rescue measures in a timely manner, since here you will find the places of entry of fire special equipment and the evacuation routes of personnel.
The images of technological pipelines contain information about the types of pipes, their diameters, wall thickness, as well as the number and types of valves and adapters.
To read the drawings gave a complete pictureabout the designed object, a system of abbreviations and conventions is used, which, together with the requirements and standards for the development of design documentation, is regulated by the state standards of the Russian Federation for the ESKD system.
