In elementary school, children have to performdifficult task - to memorize the multiplication table. Moreover, the main responsibility lies with the parents, since the methods stipulated by the program are reduced to ordinary memorization. But how to make classes effective? The most important thing is to remember that before you is a child who remembers what he is interested in.
Pythagorean table
На оборотной стороне тетрадей в клеточку нередко You can see the multiplication table. At least we are accustomed to consider it as the multiplication table, because it was in this form that we were presented with it at school. But in fact, it only frightens the child from mathematics, because he sees many examples that need to be learned, without any patterns or interesting features.
This multiplication table looks very different.It should not consist of continuous examples. Buy or print a Pythagorean table for your child. In it, the multipliers are written in rows and columns, and the product is indicated in the middle.
To multiply numbers, you need to find the intersectionmultipliers. This is an effective method to learn the multiplication table by heart quickly and easily. Its advantage is that the child does not see difficult examples for him - only numbers. He does not mindlessly remember the answers. In the early stages, he finds them. To find out the answer, he needs to follow the table with his finger. And if she is constantly in front of his eyes, he involuntarily begins to memorize numbers.
The essence of multiplication
Before you learn the multiplication table,explain to the child its essence. He should understand what these examples mean. He is already familiar with the addition, so you can clearly show him that 5 × 5 can be written as 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5.
Rejoice the kid that he only needs to remember half of the table. You must explain to him that 3 × 2 and 2 × 3 are one and the same.
Simplify the task of the child
Не нужно пугать ребенка объемами информации, which he has to remember. For an adult, this seems like an easy task, but not for a second grader. If you make learning interesting, you can learn the multiplication table quickly. In 5 minutes you can explain to your child that when multiplying a number by 1, it does not change. Give him the opportunity to do this “trick” many times. He will also be interested to know that when multiplying by 10, 0 is simply added to the number.
Looking for patterns
The usual examples look boring, and the child is unlikelywhether he can (or will) search for something interesting in them. Diversify and complicate his task. He already knows how to multiply by 1. And by 5? Here, too, there is a certain pattern, about which teachers do not always talk. The result will necessarily end with 5 or 0. If the number is even, then the product ends with 0, and if it is odd, then with 5. Of course, everything is not as simple as multiplying by 1, and the child will have to memorize examples. But it will be much more interesting to him. Moreover, he will not say that 5 × 6 = 36, because this number does not end with either 5 or 0.
About the next pattern in school is not exactlytell. How can a child quickly learn multiplication tables by 9? Usually it is given to second graders hard enough. But in fact, everything is much simpler. Write in the column answers to all the examples. Now clearly shows that the first digits are a sequence from 0 to 9, and the second - from 9 to 0.
You can also show the child that the answers when multiplied by 5 is half the answer when multiplying by 10. For example, 5 × 2 = 10, and 10 × 2 = 20.
Illustrative examples
Положите на столе три тарелочки с яблоками, по three pieces in each. Ask the child how many apples are in front of him. So he clearly sees why 3 × 3 = 9. He will be able to count the apples and make sure that the multiplication is replaced by addition. Also show him an interesting feature: to find out the answer, you must multiply the number of apples in one plate by the number of plates.
Girls give examples of dolls, and boys- with cars. Use multi-colored pens, cups, counting sticks, cubes, candy, cookies. The kid should see that mathematics is not divorced from life: he really teaches something that can be useful.
Games
This is the most effective method as a child quickly.learn multiplication table. The game will interest the child, revive everything that you told him. Prepare cards: write unanswered examples on them. Let the baby pulls them one by one and tries to give the answer. If it is correct, the card goes out of the game. The goal is to call all the correct answers. Come up with a promotional prize. Another option is to play for a while. The more correct answers he gives in a certain time, the better.
The advantage of such a game is that at the end atthe deck remains the most difficult examples for the child. But over time, they will be well consolidated in his memory, since they will be constantly emphasized. This can be compared with passing the exam in high school or high school. After a few years, the person will not remember the answers to all the tickets. But if he got a tricky question, he will remember it for a long time.
Online or mobile games
Parents will also come to the aid of free games.They can be downloaded to a computer or installed on a mobile device. In a fascinating form, the child will repeat and consolidate his knowledge. And, most likely, parents no longer have to remind the kid that the time has come to study.
But to make sure that the application is reallybenefit, play it yourself first. Make sure the game is not built too hard, and the design is funny and colorful. The application should not slow down. Ideally, if there is no advertising at all. But if you can not turn it off, check that it has acceptable content.
Fairy tales
Another interesting option is how to learn a table.multiplication is a fairy tale. Make up your own or use popular stories. But supplement them with mathematical examples: the main character needs to solve a riddle, perform a "difficult" task, etc. The kid should not be an outside listener. Let him take part in the game, "help" the character to overcome all difficulties. If he names the correct answer, according to the plot the hero wins in the test and goes on.
Poems and songs
Sing the table to the motive of the popular song."Singing" numbers is easy, and if you want, you can put them on any melody. A noticeable advantage of this method is that the child will often sing the resulting song and will inevitably remember examples. Choose music that he likes. This can be a song from your favorite cartoon.
Count on the fingers
Natural "abacus" will be a great help inlearning multiplication. Consider how to learn the multiplication table by 9 with your fingers. The method is very simple. Put your hands on the table, palms down. We will count from left to right. We bend the finger under the number of the number by which we multiply 9. Suppose we want to know how much is 6 × 9. We bend the sixth finger, that is, the thumb of the right hand. It turns out 5 fingers to him and 4 after - or 54!
There is a more difficult way how to learnfinger multiplication table. It can be used to multiply by 6, 7 and 8. For a table by 9, it is not very convenient. So, again, put your hands on the table, palms down. On both hands, we conventionally number the fingers from 5 to 9 in order: the thumb will be number 5, and the little finger will be number 9. If it is difficult for a child to remember the sequence number, you can draw your palms on a piece of paper and write numbers next to it.
Предположим, нам необходимо посчитать, сколько It will be 6 × 8. We join the fingers, indicated by the corresponding numbers, and gently move our hands to the edge of the table. Part of the fingers to the formed "lock" should hang from the table. We count in this way: hanging fingers denote dozens, and they just need to be folded. In our case, this is 4 fingers, that is, 4 dozen. Fingers remaining on the table (including the connected) are units. To find out the required number, the number of fingers on the left and right hand should be multiplied. So, multiply 4 by 2, it turns out 8. Hence, 6 × 8 = 48.
Let us examine a more complex example.We need to multiply 6 by 7. We connect the fingers in the same way: it is the index finger on the left hand and the middle one on the right hand. Shift hands on the edge of the table, it turns out 3 dozen. Now we count the units: 4 × 3 = 12. The number is greater than 10. In this case, we add 30 and 12. Therefore, 6 × 7 = 42.
Be patient
Parents table may seem elementary.But for the baby this is a completely new and rather complicated information. Perhaps you want him to learn it as quickly as possible. But it is better to be patient.
Do not try to explain everything at once.Divide the material into small portions. For example, first sort out examples 1 and 2 with him. When progress is noticeable, go to examples 3 and 4. Even if it seems that the baby is catching up on the fly, do not rush. Chances are good that information will fly out of his head at the same speed.
Do not scold the child
This is not the first lesson the baby can not rememberhow much is 7 × 8? But this is not a reason to lose my temper. So you just discourage him from learning. Most likely, the problem is not in him, but in you. Perhaps he does not remember the answer because you constantly present the material with the same method that he does not understand. Do not shout at the child - just change the approach.
Even if a neighbor on the desk really learn better, you do not need to set it as an example all the time. You work exclusively with your child, and your goal is to achieve success with it.
Reiteration
An important aspect is how to learn the table.multiplication by heart, - do not let the child forget the material covered. Take time to repeat as often as possible. First, give him more time to think, but gradually increase the pace. At first, ask for examples in a row. As soon as it will be easy for him, start asking randomly.
Conclusion
Unified reception in how to quickly and easily learnmultiplication table does not exist. We need to look for an individual approach to the child. It is also important to be objective in expectations. Even if the child likes the classes and the parents use a variety of methods, this does not mean that he will quickly learn the information. Consider the features of his perception.
