Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, whose years of governmentcame in the so-called era of stagnation, does not cause such hot disputes among compatriots as Stalin or even Khrushchev. However, this person also causes very contradictory assessments, and the corresponding period left a wide variety of impressions in the public consciousness.
Leonid Brezhnev. Years of the USSR
Today, this period is associated primarily with the commodity deficit in the light industry and the growing backlog of the Union from the main western competitor in
heavy.Leonid Brezhnev, whose reign fell on the years 1964-1982, even in power was an unusual way for those times. In the previous forty years of the existence of the Soviet state, it was difficult to imagine that its leader could be removed from office through bureaucratic mechanisms. Both Lenin and Stalin, despite the contradictory assessments of their activities, were figures of such magnitude that a change of power could be realized and realized only after their death. The end of totalitarianism in the state, including party cleansing, was put by Nikita Khrushchev. The 20th CPSU Congress in 1956 contributed a lot to this. The state has never had such a large-scale and sole leader. As a result, Khrushchev was dismissed by a party decision in 1964. He was succeeded by Leonid Brezhnev, whose years of rule began with the decision of the plenum of the Central Committee of the CPSU. This period became the apogee of the development of the Soviet country and at the same time the beginning of its collapse.
Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev. Years of government and trends in domestic politics
Today is this page of national historyit is customary to call stagnation, recalling the shortage of essential goods and the stagnation of the economy. In fairness it should be noted that the deployment of economic reforms was among the first political decisions of Leonid Ilyich at his post. The activities of Alexey Kosygin, begun in 1965, were aimed at transferring the planned economy partly to the market track. The independence of large economic enterprises of the state was significantly expanded, and tools were introduced to ensure material
стимулирование работников.Indeed, the reform began to give brilliant results. The first five-year period of the Brezhnev period was the most successful in the entire history of the country. However, the reformers did not bring their initiatives to the end. A reform that provided for economic liberalization, with obvious results, was not supported by social and political liberalization. The introduction of market mechanisms at large business facilities was not complemented by the liberalization of the market relations themselves in the country. Actually, the half-heartedness of the reforms determined the slowdown in the pace of development already in the early 1970s. In addition, at this time in Siberia oil deposits were discovered, which prompted easy revenues to the treasury, after which state leaders finally lose interest in reforming economic and social life. In the future, the well-known tendencies of “tightening the screws” (mass executions never happened again, however, the homes of the mentally ill became a talk of the town hall) and a decrease in the profitability of production, when the industry required more and more investments, but gave less and less results. The imbalance of the state economy is becoming increasingly apparent. The need to invest resources in heavy industry has a negative impact on the light, resulting in an infamous product shortage.
L.I. Brezhnev. Years of government and foreign policy trends
Кроме внутренних проблем, несмотря на все усилия, faults in the international arena are becoming increasingly apparent. If in the Khrushchev era, despite all its ridiculous epics, the USSR spoke on an equal footing with the United States during the Caribbean crisis and was the first in space exploration, in 1969 for the first time the Americans ahead of the Union in landing on the moon. The last great success of the national space program was the first successful landing of a spacecraft on Mars. Fermentation also begins to intensify in the friendly republics of the socialist camp. The period of stagnation in no small degree laid the problems that openly manifested during the restructuring and pushed the state to a final collapse.
