Before you figure out the reasonvolcanic eruption, it is necessary to understand what it is. According to the terminology, this process is an active volcanic activity that carries a great danger to any form of life due to the massive release of ash, lava and red-hot debris onto the surface. The eruption may last for from two to three hours to several years. There are cases when the magma cools down in the vent from which it never leaves. The following volcanic eruptions such as Hawaiian, Strombolian, Vesuvian, and domed are currently distinguished by science.
It's no secret that our planet is not at allis completely steadfast, and under the shell (known as the lithosphere), about eighty kilometers thick, is a layer of mantle. That is the main reason for the eruption of the volcano. The fact is that the lithosphere is completely covered by faults. At the same time, the temperature of the mantle is several thousand degrees. And when approaching the core, it increases. Due to the temperature difference, the hot lava masses move upwards, and the cold ones, on the contrary, go down.
Теперь несколько слов о том, как происходит eruption. When the hot, but already cooling mantle reaches the lower level of the lithosphere, it moves horizontally under it for some time, moving the lithospheric plates. It should be noted that pieces can break away from them. As soon as one plate creeps onto another, the lower one is immersed in the mantle and begins to melt. Since magma has much less weight than hot rocks, it gradually begins to rise and accumulate in the so-called foci. Over time, its volume increases, and it gradually occupies cracks in the lithosphere in search of freedom. Sooner or later, the crust in the weakest places breaks through, and the magma comes out.
The cause of the volcanic eruption is largely due todegassing of magma. The fact is that in the hearth it is under the action of high pressure. In those places where the so-called earth stopper is relatively weak, an eruption occurs. During this process, magma loses gases. They are combustible, so they explode and ignite in the vent. Sometimes magma does not find access to the earth's surface. In this case, lava simply flows out of the volcano. Sometimes it just cools down in depth.
Подводя итоги, следует отметить, что главная The cause of a volcanic eruption is the release of magma from the foci to the surface of the earth as a result of the movement of lithospheric plates and the action of high pressure. If new portions of the hot substance do not arrive, the volcano can fall asleep indefinitely. If the foci begin to fill up again, it will resume its activities.
Извержения вулканов зачастую приводят к гибели people and animals, as well as significant damage to buildings and structures. Lava along with other heated substances flows down the mountain slopes and burns everything in its path. No matter how far mankind has gone in its development, the only salvation from the eruption remains the complete evacuation of the population.
