Declination of surnames in Ukrainian: rules

Declination of surnames in Ukrainian sometimeseven stiffens those for whom he is a native. Are there any clear rules? Fortunately, yes. They need to be known not only in order to be correctly expressed in oral speech, but also for the design of any documents. Sometimes, because of a mistake in the name, you can wage war years with the machine of the bureaucracy.

And to which part of the speech are the names in theUkrainian language? This is also a question, which is not immediately answered. Because if we talk about such names as Kucheriaviy, Chervona, at first it seems that these are unequivocally adjectives. But no, to the great surprise of some, all without exception surnames are nouns. This fact primarily affects their declination.

In general, Ukrainian surnames regarding theirorigin, grammatical structure can be divided into two groups. The first are those that arose from the names of adjectives. The end of such nouns very often, though not always, indicates their gender identity. The second - those that appeared by word formation.

Declination of surnames in the Ukrainian language on -ий, -ій and -а, -я

They are the full form of adjectives orparticiples. Usually, there are no difficulties with changes in the grammatical forms of these surnames. They are inclined in the same way as the corresponding adjectives or participles. This applies to the plural (Solodki, Gladky).

A separate subgroup is the malesurnames that end in -y, -y, -kki (Kobilyansky, Zbanatsky, Krivorizky) and women's in -ska, -zka, -tska (Kobilianska, Zbanatska, Krivorizka). Their paradigm is identical to the one presented in the table above.

Surnames from a short form of participles and adjectives

Examples: Young, Kuts, Bazhan, Sold.Since they have lost the grammatical attributes of the adjectives, they change by case both in the singular and in the plural, as the nouns of the second declension. And in this case the Ukrainian surnames of women do not change.

Male surnames for -ov, -ів, -їв, -ев, -єв, -ин, -ін, -їн

Examples: Gribanov, Ivanishin, Kostin.

Does the family name incline in Ukrainian, ifis it of non-Slavic origin, but with identical flexions? Yes, but in this case, in the instrumental case, the ending will be not-it, but -th (Chaplin, Darwin).

In the plural in this case will be the following inflections:

One of the most common mistakes is instead of -i in the nominative case to put -і (Kruglov, Chubar, Dronov), but this is wrong.

If the form of the female surname in the nominative completely coincides with the male, then it does not lean: Grishin Oksana, Grishin Oksani, etc.

Declination of surnames in the Ukrainian language on -a, -I

Ukrainian and other Slavic proper names,which have endings, like those of the first declension nouns (-a, -ya), change in cases just like these parts of speech. But one must take into account which group - solid, soft or mixed - they belong to. It depends on the last consonant of the word.

If it is firm (but not hissing) and the inflection is indicated in the letter as -a, then the group, respectively, is solid. Examples of such surnames are: Soroka, Shulga, Skiba, Dziuba, Sereda, Yarema, Makukha, Zvitoh.

The declination of surnames in the Ukrainian language also affects the alternation of vowels and consonants (Mr., cc, xs). Examples: Makuha - Makusi, Soroka - Sorotsi.

If the word has the ending -ya, and the last consonant of the stem is soft, then it belongs to the soft group. Examples of surnames: Gmirya, Zhmenya, Teterya.

Inflection-a and the sounds of well, h, w in front of her talking aboutthat group is mixed. Examples of surnames: Svyatosha, Krecha, Stumbling, Green, Pushcha. The letter u is a graphic outline of the sounds w and h, therefore Tarashcha, Pushcha also belong to a mixed group.

At first glance, everything looks confusing, but thisnot this way. In order not to be mistaken in some kind of case, you can take the usual noun of the desired group and, by this example, have already declined the surname, as shown in the tables below.

Surnames with the ending -o or final consonant

They change in cases just like the nouns of the second declension.

But note: in the vocative case, the last name ending in a consonant has either a zero ending or –y.

Plural

In addition to the surnames of the adjective type for the s, s, absolutely all male Ukrainian surnames have the following flexions:

So, knowing the basic rules for declaring surnames in the Ukrainian language, you can competently express your thoughts orally and in writing.