The combustion temperature of coal is considered to be the mainA criterion that avoids mistakes in the choice of fuel. It is from this value that the performance of the boiler directly depends on its quality work.
Variant of temperature determination
In winter, the issue of heating living quarters is particularly relevant. In connection with the systematic increase in the cost of heat carriers, people have to look for alternative options for generating heat.
The optimal way to solve the existing problem will be the selection of solid fuel boilers, which have optimal production characteristics, perfectly retain heat.
Specific heat of combustion of coalis a physical quantity indicating how much heat can be released when the kilogram of fuel is completely burned. In order for the boiler to work for a long time, it is important to properly select fuel for it. Specific heat of combustion of coal is high (22 MJ / kg), therefore this type of fuel is considered optimal for efficient operation of the boiler.
Characteristics and properties of wood
At present, there is a tendency to switch from installations based on the combustion of gas to solid fuel domestic heating systems.
Not everyone knows that the creation of a comfortableThe microclimate in the house directly depends on the quality of the selected fuel. As a traditional material used in such heating boilers, we select wood.
In severe climatic conditions,characterized by a prolonged and cold winter, it is difficult to heat the house with the whole heating season. With a sharp drop in air temperature, the owner of the boiler has to use it on the verge of maximum possibilities.
When choosing wood as solid fuelserious problems and inconveniences arise. First of all, we note that the combustion temperature of coal is much higher than that of wood. Among the disadvantages is the high rate of combustion of firewood, which creates serious difficulties in the operation of the boiler. Its owner is forced to carry out constant monitoring of the availability of firewood in the furnace, they will need a large number of them for the heating season.
Coal options
The burning temperature of charcoal is significantlyhigher, so this fuel option is an excellent alternative for conventional firewood. We also note the excellent heat transfer coefficient, the duration of the combustion process, and insignificant fuel consumption. There are several types of coal associated with the specifics of production, as well as the depth of occurrence in the earth's interior: stone, brown, anthracite.
Each of these options has its owndistinctive qualities and characteristics, which allow using it in solid fuel boilers. The combustion temperature of coal in the furnace will be minimal when using brown, as its composition contains a sufficiently large number of various impurities. As for the heat transfer parameters, their value is similar to wood. The chemical reaction of combustion is exothermic, the heat of combustion of coal has a high index.
In coal, the ignition temperature reaches 400 degrees. Moreover, the heat of combustion of coal of this type is quite high, therefore this type of fuel is widely used for heating residential premises.
Maximum efficiency in anthracite.Among the shortcomings of such fuel, let us single out its high cost. The burning temperature of coal of this type reaches 2250 degrees. There is no such indicator for any solid fuel extracted from the earth's interior.
Features of the furnace, working on coal
Such a device has design features, it presupposes the reaction of coal pyrolysis. Charcoal does not belong to minerals, it has become a product of human activity.
The combustion temperature of coal is 900 degrees,which is accompanied by the allocation of a sufficient amount of thermal energy. What is the technology of creating such an amazing product? The essence is a certain processing of wood, due to which there is a significant change in its structure, the allocation of excess moisture from it. A similar process is carried out in special furnaces. The principle of operation of such devices is based on the pyrolysis process. The furnace for obtaining charcoal consists of four basic components:
- combustion chamber;
- strengthened base;
- chimney;
- compartment for recycling.
Chemical process
After entering the camera, a gradualsmoldering firewood. This process is due to the presence in the furnace of a sufficient amount of gaseous oxygen, supporting combustion. As melting occurs, a sufficient amount of heat is released, the excess liquid is converted into steam.
The smoke released during the reaction goes toa compartment for secondary processing, where it completely burns, heat is released. A charcoal kiln performs several important functional tasks. With its help, charcoal is formed, and the room is maintained at a comfortable temperature.
But the process of obtaining such fuel isquite delicate, and with the slightest delay, complete combustion of firewood is possible. It is necessary to remove charred blanks from the furnace at a certain time.
Application of charcoal
If the technological chain is observed,an excellent material, which can be used for the full heating of living rooms during the winter heating season. Undoubtedly, the temperature of coal burning will be higher, but not in all regions such fuel is affordable.
Burning of charcoal begins attemperature 1250 degrees. For example, a melting furnace works on charcoal. That flame, which is formed when feeding air into the furnace, easily melts the metal.
Creating optimal conditions for combustion
Due to the high temperature, all internalelements of the furnace are made of special refractory bricks. For their laying, refractory clay is used. When creating special conditions, it is quite possible to get a temperature in the furnace exceeding 2000 degrees. Each type of coal has its own indicator of the point of ignition. After reaching this index, it is important to maintain the ignition temperature by continually supplying an excess amount of oxygen to the furnace.
Among the shortcomings of this process, we single out the lossheat, because part of the energy released will go through the pipe. This leads to a decrease in the temperature of the furnace. In the course of experimental research, scientists were able to establish for optimal fuels the optimal excess volume of oxygen. Due to the choice of excess air, one can count on the complete combustion of fuel. As a result, you can count on the minimum loss of thermal energy.
Conclusion
The comparative value of fuel is estimated from itscalorific value, measured in calories. Taking into account the characteristics of its various types, it can be concluded that coal is the optimal type of solid fuel for boilers. Many owners of their own heating systems try to use boilers that run on mixed fuel: solid, liquid, gaseous.
