We have a rich language that is sopowerful and flexible, which can literally express everything in words. In its greatness, it is not inferior to any language of the world. It is constantly being improved, at the same time having a rich basis and language traditions. It is valuable and self-sufficient, is the history of the people, reflects the culture. Language should be protected and studied, it should be a necessity for every Russian person. The greatness and richness of the language are reflected in books, especially those related to classical literature, or in dictionaries and reference books that reflect the norms. And of course, we must know and remember those great scientists who laid the foundation of our native language.
Linguistics
Language learning is engaged in linguistics.It considers the main function of the language as a means of communication, its historical development and laws. Linguistics explores linguistic theory: what is the language system, what language units look like, what is the nature of grammatical categories, etc.
Science observes the facts of speech, perceives native speakers, linguistic phenomena, linguistic material.
Linguistics is closely connected with other sciences: history, archeology, ethnography, psychology, philosophy. This is because language accompanies us everywhere, in all areas of life.
In any science, key individuals stand out.Speaking of linguistics, you can call such names: Victor Vinogradov, Boduen de Courtenay, Leo Scherba and many others. And we also call the name of our Russian scientist Sergey Ivanovich Ozhegov, to whom this article will be devoted.
Famous linguistic scholar
Sergey Ozhegov, graduated from high school in Tverskayathe province, then the philological faculty of the Leningrad University, which participated in the battles during the Civil War in the territory of the Ukrainian Frôte, passed postgraduate studies, taught in many Moscow universities, is better known today as the author of the dictionary, which we still use today. Collection of Russian words S.I. Ozhegova is the result of the colossal work of the scientist. Here all modern common vocabulary is collected, cases of combinability of words and the most common phraseological units are shown. This work was the basis of many translated collections of Russian words.
Ozhegov about language
Talked a lot about simplifying Russian spellingSergey Ozhegov. Quotes of the author, in addition, contained his suggestions for improving the stereotypical edition of the dictionary, published in 1964. Ozhegov said that it was necessary to add new words to the collection that have recently appeared in the Russian language. It is also necessary to revise the phraseological units, rethink the concept of some new words. And of course, we must pay attention to the norms of use and pronunciation of the Russian language.
Another statement by S.I.Ozhegova about language concerns the accuracy of word usage. The scientist spoke about the high culture of speech, which is the ability to find an intelligible, relevant word to express one's thoughts.
The dictionary of this Russian linguist has become popular.reference edition. Sergey Ozhegov himself was joking about this. His quotes point out the need for this collection: the number of published dictionary books is not inferior to the number of published works of the classics of Marxism-Leninism.
Life and art
The surname of a famous linguist has Siberian roots. It is based on the word "burn", they were called a stick to check the readiness of the molten metal for casting.
Ozhegov Sergey Ivanovich, speaking of his biography,always mentioned the fact that their surname comes from Demidov serfs. In the family of his grandfather, who worked for more than fifty years at the Yekaterinburg smelter, there were fourteen children, and all subsequently had a higher education.
Sergei Ozhegov was born in the family of a mining engineer and midwife factory hospital in late September 1900. His small homeland is the settlement of Kamennoye in the past of the Tver province.
Traction to knowledge, inherent in their surnames, manifested itself inthat, having entered a higher educational institution, Ozhegov Sergey Ivanovich was forced to drop out of school and go to the front. But, returning from the front, in the 20s he nevertheless graduated from Leningrad University. His teachers were known at that time linguists V.V. Vinogradov and L.V. Scherba. Sergei Ozhegov immediately entered the circle of Leningrad scientists, then met with his Moscow colleagues and gained fame there.
Since 1952 S.I.Ozhegov was the head of the verbal department at the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Scientific activities are reflected in the "Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language", the editor-in-chief of which was D.N. Ushakov. The development team included Ozhegov. Also, Ozhegov’s merit is the authorship of the Russian Dictionary.
Friendship with famous linguists
At that time, Leningrad was widely known.linguists V.V. Vinogradov and D.I. Ushakov. Ozhegov Sergey Ivanovich, a linguist whose career successfully develops here, adjoins them, since he is a member of a group working on a four-volume edition of D.I. Ushakov.
More than thirty percent of the vocabulary entries of this collection belong to S.I. Ozhegovu. Also at this time there is an active collection of materials to the "Dictionary to the plays of AN Ostrovsky."
In addition, the young linguist is friends with the famous scientist A. Reformatsky, who later becomes the author of the classic textbook on linguistics.
The main work Ozhegova
Working on the material for the collection of D.I.Ushakov, Sergey Ozhegov got excited about the idea of creating a dictionary for wide use. Above this collection, work began before the war with the Nazis. Ozhegov believed in the power of the Red Army, which would not allow the Germans into Moscow, and therefore remained in the city. All this difficult wartime he gave to his offspring. Moscow linguists G. Vinokur and V. Petrosyan were co-authors in the work on the dictionary. But gradually they moved away from work, and S.I. Ozhegov almost one did all the work.
Until recently, Sergei Ozhegov continued to work.The dictionary of the Russian language was constantly being developed by him, his construction was improved. The author took the language as a constantly changing living phenomenon. He enjoyed watching changes in the language.
There are a number of well-known facts that will complement the knowledge of S.I. Ozhegove and his dictionary:
- many have misplaced the linguist’s last name, emphasizing the second syllable;
- censorship initially did not miss the word "lover", seeing in it a lecherous meaning;
- did not suit censorship and church vocabulary, such words as “tax”, “iconostasis”;
- the word “Leningrad” was artificially introduced during the re-edition of the dictionary so that the words “sloth” and “Leninist” are not near;
- the interpretation of the word "rape" in Ozhegov's dictionary helped one guy get out of prison because his actions did not come under rape;
- There are six editions of Ozhegov’s dictionary published during his lifetime;
- Recently a student of S.I. has been working on a dictionary. Ozhegova N.Yu Shvedova; heirs of a famous linguist do not like some of the principles of its work.
Ozhegov's family
Sergey Ozhegov experienced many things in his life, his family experienced a lot of complex, dramatic events characteristic of the Russian intelligentsia.
His father, an engineer at the Kuvshinovoy paper mill,I received a four-room apartment where the local intelligentsia often gathered. The village was advanced: innovations were constantly introduced at the factory, a school, a people's house, a hospital were built. In the latter, Ozhegova's mother worked as a midwife. In addition to Sergei, the elder, there were two more sons in their family. The middle one became an architect, the youngest became a railroad worker.
In 1909, the Ozhegov family moved toPetersburg Here Sergey went to the gymnasium, joined the chess club and sports society. After successfully completing a gymnasium, he entered a higher educational institution, but education was prevented by war.
Nevertheless, after the war, he still finishedthe university. Before receiving the diploma, Sergey Ozhegov married a student from the philology department. Her father was a priest, a great self-taught musician, performing classical and folk music.
Ozhegov was a very sociable person. Friendly companies always gathered in his house, a friendly atmosphere reigned.
Ozhegov's wife was a great hostess, they lived together for about forty years, raised a son.
During the war, the Moscow family Ozhegovamoved to Tashkent, but almost all Leningrad relatives of the scientist could not survive the blockade. Left niece. A five-year-old girl was sent to an orphanage, later S.I. Ozhegov found and adopted her.
Merit Ozhegova
He did a lot for the domestic linguistics of OzhegovSergey Ivanovich, whose contribution to the Russian language is very large. He is the author and compiler of many dictionaries and reference books. S.I. Ozhegov is known as a member of the Mossovet Commission, deputy chairman of the Academy of Sciences, scientific adviser, teacher at the university.
Ozhegov's scientific works
Основные научные труды С.И.Ozhegova reflects questions of Russian lexicology and lexicography. He worked a lot on the history of the Russian language, he studied sociolinguistics, the culture of Russian speech. Also a great contribution was made by Ozhegov Sergey - a linguist in the study of the language of individual writers (I. A. Krylov, A. N. Ostrovsky, etc.). He worked a lot on the normativeness of the Russian language: he was the editor of various reference dictionaries and language collections.
