It’s hard to imagine what would happen to ourmodern civilization, if in the distant 18th century various technological innovations would not be actively introduced into industrial production. An indispensable leader in this regard was Great Britain, which managed to create a steam engine, which led to the active development of new self-propelled machines. Later this period was called the "industrial revolution in England", which not only eased the work of tens of thousands of people, but also contributed to the new structural stratification of society.
To begin with, with the invention of the engineinternal combustion it has become possible to make major improvements in terms of the construction of swimming vessels. For England, this was especially true since it was at that time a world naval power, whose fortress rested on its fleet. In the second half of the 19th century, the emergence of motor ships promoted not only an increase in its power, but also the development of civil shipbuilding, since it was now possible to transport passengers on a much larger scale. In addition, the active construction of railways began, and the industrial revolution in England helped in this respect to establish a clear transport link between all the provinces of this country.
Rich natural resources and extensive coal reservesallowed to introduce in the production of new technical machines, so that its production has increased several times. However, if from a technical point of view, everything went well, then from a social point of view some difficulties appeared. The fact is that the opening of new factories and plants required a certain qualified workforce, which was attracted from the field of agriculture. That is, there was a redistribution of labor, and since the industrial revolution in England finally interrupted the connection of workers with the land, there was a sharp shortage of workers in the agricultural sector. People began to move en masse to live in the city and receive working specialties. However, all this gave rise to another important problem, since now society is strictly classified according to its position. There were owners, there were workers who disliked each other, since the heads of industrial plants and factories paid, as a rule, a rather low salary.
On the other hand, the industrial revolution in Englandoccurred for several decades, and as a result of the emergence of more and more new machines, some of the working specialties simply disappeared. As a result, a high level of unemployment has arisen, and the requirements for candidates have increased significantly in terms of working qualifications. Thus, between the two classes of social division of society - the bourgeoisie and the proletariat, serious differences have already begun to emerge, which in the future will lead to revolutionary consequences.
The industrial revolution in England and its consequencesrevealed a large number of antagonistic forces, each of which fought for their interests. On the one hand, the merchant and banking bourgeoisie put pressure on the government in terms of easing laws regarding the financial and credit system, on the other, landlords who owned vast plots of land lost people working in the fields, as a result of which they suffered heavy losses. The owners of manufactories and factories attracted new workers to the factories, however, they were far from paying in full.
Thus, summing up, we can say thatThe industrial revolution had wide-ranging consequences, because it gave an impetus to both the scientific and technological development of mankind and its fundamental social transformation. The consequences of the industrial revolution in England are still being studied by historians and researchers of various fields of science, from sociologists to politicians and culturologists.
