System world device (Copernicus, Leonardo da Vinci)

Humanity has sought and continues to seek an answer to the question of its origin and the world around it.

Ancient understanding of the universe

В древности познания цивилизации были скудными и superficial. The understanding of the nature of the surrounding world was based on the opinion that everything was created by supernatural power or its representatives. All ancient mythology bears the imprint of the intervention of the Gods in the development and life of civilization. Due to the lack of knowledge about the processes in nature, man attributed the creation of all things to God, the Higher Mind, the spirits.

Со временем, познания человека «приподымали curtain "hidden understanding of the nature around us. Thanks to outstanding scholars and philosophers of different eras, understanding everything around has become more understandable and less erroneous. For many centuries, religion has inhibited and suppressed dissent. Everything that did not agree with the understanding of "about the creation of the world and man" was eradicated, while philosophers and natural scientists were physically eliminated, for the edification of others.

Geocentric system of the world

According to the Catholic Church, the Earth wascenter of the world. It was this hypothesis that Aristotle advanced in the second century BC. This system of the world is called geocentric (from the ancient Greek words Γῆ, Γαα - Earth). According to Aristotle, the Earth was a ball in the center of the universe.

Существовало и другое мнение, где Земля was a cone. Anaximander believed that the Earth had the shape of a low cylinder with a height three times smaller than the diameter of the base. Anaximenes, Anaxagoras believed the Earth was flat, resembling a table cover.

In an earlier period, it was believed that the planet rests on a huge mythical creature, similar to a tortoise.

Pythagoras and the spherical shape of the Earth

At the time of Pythagoras, the main opinion was determinedthat our planet is still a spherical body. But society, for the most part, did not support this idea. It was not clear to the person how he is on the ball and does not slip, and does not fall from it. In addition, it was not clear how the Earth was maintained in space. A large number of assumptions were advanced. Some thought that the planet was held by compressed air, others thought it was resting in the ocean. The hypothesis was that the Earth, being the center of the world, is stationary and does not require any support.

The Renaissance is eventful

Centuries later, the world’s device system at the beginningThe 16th century underwent a major revision. A large number of philosophers and scientists of that time openly tried to prove the fallacy of the idea of ​​people about their place in the Universe and the nature of everything around. Among them were such great minds as: Giordano Bruno, Galileo Galilei, Nicolaus Copernicus, Leonardo da Vinci.

Тяжёлым и тернистым оказался путь становления truth and acceptance by society of the fact that there is a different system of world order. The 16th century became the starting point in the battle for a new worldview of prominent minds with a universal understanding of the people of that time. The trouble with such a slow change in the understanding of society lay in the imposition by religion of a single understanding of the nature of everything around, which was purely divine and supernatural.

The Roman Inquisition immediately eliminated dissent in society.

Copernicus - the founder of the first scientific revolution

Long before the Renaissance, in the third century BC, Aristarchus admitted that there is a different system for the structure of the world.

Copernicus, in his writings On the Rotation of the Celestial Spheres, proved that the old understanding that the Earth is the center of the world and the Sun rotates around it is fundamentally wrong.

His book, published in 1543, containedevidence of heliocentricity (the heliocentric system implies an understanding that our earth revolves around the sun) of the world. He developed a theory of the motion of planets around the Sun at the beginning of the Pythagorean principle of uniform circular motions.

Work Nicolaus Copernicus for some time wasavailable to philosophers and naturalists. The Catholic Church realized that the work of a scientist seriously undermined its authority and recognized the work of the scholar as heretical, and discrediting the truth. In 1616 his works were seized and burned.

The great genius of his time - Leonardo da Vinci

Forty years before Copernicus, another brilliant mind of the Renaissance - Leonardo da Vinci, in his free time, made sketches of other activities, where it was clearly shown that the Earth was not the center of the world.

System world Leonardo da Vinci hadreflected in some sketches of drawings that have come down to us. He took notes in the margins of the sketches, from which it follows that the Earth, like the rest of the planets in our solar system, revolves around the sun. The brilliant philosopher, artist, inventor and scientist understood the deep essence of things, being several centuries ahead of his time.

Леонардо да Винчи своими трудами внёс понимание, that there is another system of the world. The 16th century turned out to be a difficult period in the struggle between the understanding of the universe between great minds and the well-established opinion of the society of that time.

The struggle of the two systems of the world

The system of peace in the early 16th centurywas considered by scientists of that time in two directions. During this period, a confrontation of two types of worldview was formed - geocentric and heliocentric. And only after almost a hundred years, the heliocentric system of the world began to win. Copernicus became the founder of a new understanding in scientific circles.

His work "On the rotation of the heavenly spheres" wasunclaimed for almost fifty years. The society at that time was not ready to accept its “new” place in the Universe, to lose the position of the center of the world. And only at the end of the 16th century, the heliocentric system of the Bruno world, based on the work of Copernicus, again agitated the great minds of society.

Giordano Bruno and the true understanding of the universe

Джордано Бруно выступал против царившей в его the period of the Aristotle-Ptolemy system of the world, opposing the system of Copernicus. He expanded it, creating philosophical conclusions, pointed out such certain facts that today are recognized by science as indisputable. He argued that stars are distant Suns, and that there are innumerable cosmic bodies in the Universe similar to our Sun.

In 1592 he was arrested in Venice and transferred to the Roman Inquisition.

Subsequently after seven years in prisonThe Roman church demanded Bruno to renounce the "infidel" beliefs. After the refusal, he was burned at the stake as a heretic. Giordano Bruno paid dearly for his participation in the struggle for the heliocentric system of the world. Future generations appreciated the sacrifice of the great scientist, in 1889 a monument was erected at the place of execution in Rome.

The future of civilization is determined by its rationality.

Over the millennia of experienceHumanity says that the knowledge gained is as close as possible to the current level of understanding. But there is no guarantee that they will be credible tomorrow.

As practice shows, the expansion of our understanding of the universe suggests that everything is a little different than what we had previously imagined.

Another key issue going throughmillennium, is the process of deliberate distortion of information (like the Roman Church at the time) to keep humanity in the "right" direction. Let's hope that the true rationality of a human being will win, and will provide an opportunity to follow civilization on the right path of development.