Frost is considered the most beautiful natural phenomenon.His sparkling splendor and delicacy of patterns fascinates us with its perfection, and poets and artists inspires to create beautiful works.
What is frost?
Frost is one of the states of water (vapor), which at a temperature below 0 ° C is converted into a thin layer of crystalline ice. Each pattern is unusual and unique.
This phenomenon is due to the fact thatthe value of the minus temperature does not affect the formation of crystals of the ice structure. That is why frosty frost always looks different. When the temperature drops just below zero, ice crystals have the shape of a hexagon hexagonal prism. In moderate frost (up to -15 ° C), they look like rectangular plates. And if the temperature is well below the mark of -15 ° C, then crystalline ice appears in the form of blunt-pointed needles.
Where and how does frost form?
Возникает иней на различных предметах и surfaces, when they are cooled to a negative temperature, lower than the air temperature. This happens due to the desublimation of water vapor - this means that it goes into a solid state, bypassing the liquid stage. The layer of frost is thin enough, and the process of education is uneven.
Studying the formation of frost, scientists have concludedwhat is most conducive to this is clear night with a weak wind or its complete absence. As a rule, this occurs in early spring, in late autumn or in winter, when the layer of air near the surface of the earth contains a lot of water vapor.
При таких погодных условиях на различных rough surfaces with low thermal conductivity, such as open soil, grass, wooden benches, tree trunks, house roofs and others, a sparkling layer is sure to appear. How does frost form on these surfaces? This is due to the fact that the water vapor, when cooled, turns into small ice crystals. Moreover, the wind of insignificant force contributes even more to this process, renewing the masses of moist air.
Treating trees - hoarfrost or frost?
Frost on the trees representsa delightful sight. The view of the snow-white sparkling trees and shrubs does not leave anyone indifferent. Although in reality they are covered not with frost, but with frost. For a simple inhabitant, these two concepts are identical, but scientists strictly separate them. While frost also forms as a result of the desublimation of water vapor, this process occurs only at temperatures below -15 ° C and the presence of fog. Moreover, it covers only long thin objects, for example, wires, as well as branches of green plantings.
Therefore, frost on trees from a scientific point of view -these are only their trunks covered with ice crystals. And the snow-white headdress of branches - frost. Although, if you figure out what the difference is, the main thing is that it is very beautiful!
Patterns on the window panes
Winter tale - so we perceive the coldseason. What kind of jewelry does not use winter. Frost among them is the most exquisite. And in all its beauty, it appears in the patterns on the window glass. Air saturated with water vapor is cooled at 0 ° C and below, resulting in condensation of excess moisture on cold window panes. There is a frost on them in the same way as on other surfaces - water from its vapor state, bypassing the liquid stage, turns into a solid, turning into crystalline ice.
What are the patterns of frost?
Вы наверняка обращали внимание на причудливость и originality of the frosty "mural". Nature draws with frost such patterns that are beyond the brush of the most venerable artist. Why does the formation of frost on the window pane lead to such masterpieces? The reason is ridiculously simple - irregularities, roughness and scratches of the glass itself. After all, it is on them that frost forms in the first place. Arising, ice crystals are strung on each other and weave these magical laces. And help them in this dust, settled on the windows, and air flow.
Among the variety of patterns of frost most often there are two types - trichites and dendrites.
Trichites resemble fibers of different lengths and sizes.They are formed on glass, mottled with small scratches. First, frost occurs on them in the form of crystal strips. The lower the air temperature becomes, the more curved shapes take off from this main line.
How does frost form dendrites,representing tree forms? This process takes place on the pane, the cooling of which began at zero temperature and continued as it decreased. Moreover, the humidity should be increased. At first, the glass is covered with a wet film, which accumulates more in its lower part. The “sprigs” of the patterns here form rather large ones, and as they rise on the glass, they become shorter and thinner.
Frost in the home
As you know, frost can be found not only innature. Those who have a refrigerator with an evaporator are familiar with it firsthand. After all, frost is the cause of the disturbance of heat transfer in the refrigerating chamber itself, as a result of which the unit needs to be defrosted periodically. How does frost form in the fridge? This is due to moisture, on the one hand, evaporating from the products, and on the other, falling into the chamber during the opening of the refrigerator door.
A lot of amazing and beautiful phenomena created by nature. You must agree, going out into the street early in the morning in frosty winter weather, you can enjoy the picturesque patterns that are created by frost.
