The flower is a modified shortenedescape, which is adapted to form spores, gametes (germ cells) and cross-pollination. After this process, seeds and fruits are formed. Flowers, the structure of which is quite simple, in biology is a very interesting object of study.
Features of the structure
From a scientific point of view, every plant- This is a whole system that exists by its own rules. Flowers structure have the following. Their stem part is a combination of a pedicel and a receptacle on which the leaves are located (they are scientifically called color painting). By the colorists include sepals, stamens and pistils, as well as petals. Most often, these components are located around the center in several rows. If the plant has both stamens and pistils, then they are called bisexual, or hermaphroditic. Diodes have either stamens (in this case, a male flower) or pistils (talking about a female species).
The perianth is another component thathave flowers. Its structure is such that it acts as a kind of protector of the plant and the main attracting pollinators. The perianth may be of different colors (in this case it is double), or it can be painted in just one color - in this case they are talking about a simple variety. The stamen, which is the masculine part of the plant, includes the staminate thread and the boot. In the center of the flowers is a pestle (by the way, there may be several of them). It consists of the ovary, column and stigma. Special features buildings flower such that the stigma is involved in the release of a sticky liquid, through which pollen grains are caught and held. Thus, each flower consists of:
- pistil;
- stamens;
- corolla;
- petals;
- podchashiya;
- receptacle;
- nodes;
- internodes;
- pedicels.
Цветы, строение которых могжет отличаться, vary depending on the number of parts, their location and shape. For example, plants with stamens and pistils at the same time are called bisexual. If there is either a stamen or a pistil, then the flower is scientifically called same-sex. The plant may consist of several flowers that are collected in inflorescences, and may be single. Of course, in the presence of inflorescences, it will pollinate more quickly, while flowers will be less damaged as a result of exposure to adverse environmental factors. Inflorescences, in turn, can also be of two types: simple (the flower is located on the main axis) or complex (there are flowers of several orders of magnitude).
Biology determines the structure of the flower as complexthe device in which all its components are involved at once. For example, when pollen matures, the anthers begin to burst, causing the pollen to end up on the stigma of the pistil. This is where pollination occurs. By the way, it can occur crosswise, which occurs most often, but sometimes self-pollination occurs. The peculiarity of the cross method is that the pollen is carried by wind, water, insects, birds and so on.
