In 1861, in the United States, as a result of the increasepolitical and economic divisions between the South, where the slave system reigned, and the North, where capitalist society developed, a civil war unfolded.
US Civil War preconditions of origintakes in the fifties of the nineteenth century, when the country began to emerge a revolutionary situation. It was then that it became obvious that an armed clash between the two systems was inevitable, since slavery greatly hampered the development of capitalism in the United States, and therefore it was necessary to eradicate it. Thus, the conflict in Kansas (1854-1856), the uprising of J. Brown (1859), the movement against slavery were evidence of the approach of a military conflict. Thus, the causes of the civil war in the United States were explicit.
Already in 1860 A.Lincoln becomes president of the country, which meant the loss of power for a democratic party, which was influenced by the slaveholders. That is why they announced the withdrawal of the southern states from the Union and began to prepare for war.
In the winter of 1861 in the state of AlabamaThe Confederation, which included eleven states of thirty-four. In the spring of the same year, the Confederation raised a riot and seized all the arsenals located in the South, where virtually the entire arsenal of weapons and ammunition was located.
The civil war in America was concentrated on a vast territory. So, in the North and West it was confined to rivers, in the East - to the Atlantic Ocean and to the South - to the Gulf of Mexico.
The north of the country had a population of twenty-twomillion people and had on its territory metallurgical, weapons and textile plants. While the South had nine million people, four of whom were slaves. At the same time, a large part of the population did not support the rioters, and there was no necessary economic base for conducting military operations. Almost all the actions took place in the areas of railways and rivers.
The US Civil War, in particular the plan for its conduct from the South, was designed to supportthe parties of France and Great Britain. So, it was planned to capture the states of Virginia, Tennessee and Missouri, after which Washington itself, and force the government to accept their terms. Plans of the North were defensive in nature, and only then it was planned to launch an offensive.
The first stage of military operations (1861-1862 gg.).The north of the states knew many defeats. The fighting took place in one direction - Washington-Richmond. The North developed the Anaconda plan, according to which the army and navy around the states of the South were created, which were supposed to suppress the insurrection. During this period the northerners managed to block the southern ports, this deprived the rebels of ties with France and Britain.
The second period of military operations (1863-1865 gg.).In the spring, North was defeated in the battle of Chancellorsville. But after that the war came a turning point. In the summer, the southern army suffered a fairly strong defeat, the entire area of the Confederation divided into two parts.
US Civil War has acquired a maneuvering character from the North(1864-1865 gg.). In the spring, the offensive of the northern troops began. The revolutionary actions of the North contributed to the complete defeat of the enemy. Thus, A.Linkoln was able to win respect and authority among the American population, and when four years later he was killed, it became a huge loss for the country.
It should be said that the US Civil War turned around because of the intentions of the Southto extend the slave system to all states and to South America. It was an expensive and bloody war, but it went down in history as an event that had a tremendous revolutionary significance for the country. In addition, it contributed to the development of the military industry and the armored fleet.
