The Vietnam War is one of the largestmilitary conflicts that occur in the second half of the 20th century. In the culture of the United States and Vietnam, he left a notable mark and occupied a significant place in the recent history of these countries.
The war in South Vietnam begancivilian. Then Northern Vietnam intervened in it, enlisting the support of China and the USSR, the United States and a number of other countries. So, on the one hand, there was a struggle for the reunification of the two parts of Vietnam itself to create an indivisible state, and on the other, to preserve the independence of the southern part of the country.
As events unfolded, the warintertwined with parallel civil wars in parallel in Cambodia and Laos. All the fighting that took place in 1950-1975 in South-East Asia, have the name of the Second Indochina War.
The reasons for the Vietnam War were enoughsimple. The Communist regime of the President of North Vietnam was supported by the Soviet Union. In turn, the US feared that in the future the influence of the USSR will spread, and military bases will appear in the immediate vicinity of the United States.
In addition, there were also geopoliticalcauses. The presence of a naval base on the territory of Vietnam would allow controlling the sea route to Japan and China from the Indian Ocean, as well as the main sea highway Europe-Far East.
Контроль (военный, экономический или хотя бы political) of all of Vietnam would give the possibility of a confident influence on the neighboring countries - Laos and Cambodia, and through them - to Malaysia, Thailand, Burma (Myanmar), and also would guarantee a number of additional opportunities in case of confrontation with China.
Война во Вьетнаме среди жителей этой страны was called the American or Liberation. At the same time, it became civil, during which the political opposing parties of the country fought among themselves, and this was the case when there was a struggle with the American occupiers who seized power in the southern part.
In 1955, when Vietnam was liberated fromthe power of France and ceased to be its colony, it split into two parts. The northern part was supported by the USSR, since it was under the control of the Communist Party, and the southern part was actually controlled by the United States. According to the Geneva agreement, the country was subject to unification, and hence, to further holding presidential elections.
Such a decision was rejected by the president of the southernpart - Ngo Din the Brain. The response was followed by the organization of the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam, one of the leaders of the Communist Party of the country. Accordingly, Ngo Din Ziem enlisted the support of the United States, who introduced their troops in the early 60's to the territory of South Vietnam.
It was here that the war in Vietnam took place beforeAugust 1964, and then the northern part of the country was drawn in. All this has acquired a protracted character. The American side had the power of modern technology, and for the Vietnamese this struggle was fought for the freedom and independence of their own country. This is what gave them confidence, desperate courage and the will to win.
И только в 1973 году 27 января стороны подписали Peaceful Paris agreements, which prescribed a cease-fire throughout Vietnam. Although the Vietnam War completely ended in 1975, when the South Vietnamese troops surrendered the city of Saigon on April 30.
And only in 1976 there was the adoption of the constitution of a new state, henceforth called the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Ho Chi Minh became her first president.
За годы борьбы вьетнамцы утратили огромное quantity of equipment, ammunition and population, including peaceful ones. But the loss of the US Air Force in Vietnam was very significant: 2,255 aircraft and helicopters, including enemy fire 1737. But the heaviest losses were from anti-aircraft missile systems delivered from the USSR.
