Under the process of socialization of personality psychologistsunderstand the assimilation and understanding of social experience, common morality, rules of behavior, cultural and everyday traditions by a person. In addition, each individual makes his own reassessment of values, accepting or rejecting one or another of the proposed or imposed norms of society. It is in the process of this choice that the process of formation and self-education of the individual takes place.
A person searches for his “place in the sun” from birth, going through the primary process of social adaptation, first in his own family, then in a children's institution and school.
The initial stage is characterized by non-criticalthe attitude of the individual to generally accepted standards. The child and teenager are more likely to imitate the collective, to adapt. And if a kindergarten child adopts a model of the behavior of his family, the elementary school student is already more focused on the team. He seeks to be no different from his peers in appearance. The standard for him are his friends, classmates. From them, the child adopts behavior, style of clothing, and even hobbies and interests.
Already by the age of seven the child beginsbe aware that parents are not the only role models. And by the age of nine, children will acquire a critical view of things. Moms and dads are no longer their indisputable authority. However, respect for the experience of an adult person in a child is still preserved, so it is very important that during this period a good teacher or trainer be with him.
The consciousness of the child is influenced by variousexternal factors. These are mass media (radio, television, Internet), parents and teachers. But the socialization of adolescents is unthinkable without their communication with peers. Moreover, girlfriends and friends, at a certain stage in the life of a child, begin to play a role even more than mom and dad. But this does not mean that parents should zealously protect a teenager from such communication, and roughly interfere with his personal life.
Such behavior of adults hinders the development of the child’s self-consciousness, the formation of responsibility in it for their own behavior and actions.
Socialization of the individual is the search for one's place insociety, for the student in the role of such a society are classmates, parents, teachers. It is in the process of interaction with them that the child sharpens the most important skills of communication, the adoption of established norms of behavior and traditions. At this stage, it is difficult to do without conflicts, but the search for effective solutions to overcome them has a significant impact on the development of the individual as a whole.
In the future, the socialization of the individual passesthe stage of individualization, which is characterized by the desire of a person to become unlike others, will stand out from the crowd. During this period, the young man or girl already has some life experience, on the basis of which they critically overestimate the moral and ethical norms adopted in society. According to psychologists, it is precisely between the ages of 18 and 25 that the development of stable personality traits, the formation of a world view, takes place.
Socialization of personality proceeds successfully, if in the process a person productively interacts with society, while maintaining his own uniqueness.
The stage of individualization passes into the stageintegration, in which the individual seeks to take his place in a society that either accepts or rejects it. In the latter case, there are two possible behaviors: the individual retains his dissimilarity when he enters into conflict with society, or, on the contrary, tries to adapt, resorting to compromise and conformism.
We can say that the socialization of the individual isa process that lasts a lifetime. A person not only gains new experience, but also enriches it in the process of labor and social activities. In the event that the personal qualities and creative potential of an individual representative are fully demanded by society, it can be said that the socialization of the individual is a success.
