Social psychology lies at the junction of twobasic sciences - psychology and sociology, therefore the subject of social psychology is rather difficult to isolate. General psychology is interested in the states, processes, mechanisms that occur in the psyche of the personality as such. Psychologists, rather, focus on the differences of individuals. Social psychology, first of all, is interested in how the social group influences the personality, whether there is an inverse process (the influence of the individual on the social group), how individuals in one social group interact with people from another social group. Thus, it can be determined that psychology and social psychology coincide in the object of study, which is the individual.
Sociology studies large and small groups of people,leaving behind the brackets the individual differences between them. The subject of this science is the study of the processes taking place in the classroom, strata, ethnic groups and other groups in society, the relationship between these groups. The subject of social psychology lies in a more concrete plane - the interaction of an individual with society. That is, sociology and social psychology studies how people behave in groups, but social psychology focuses still on the psychological aspects.
In addition, the subject of social psychology grazesThose layers of social relations, which are not interested in the science of sociology. For example, the relationship "patient-doctor", "novice-class", "leader-subordinate", "child-parent", etc. It can be defined, therefore, that social psychology is a science that studies people's perceptions of each other, the relationship between social groups and the mutual influences between them. Social psychologists are worried, for example, what creates a fashion that causes panic or enthusiasm in large gatherings of the people, what is the aggression of the assembled crowd, etc.
All of us for one day perform differentsocial roles. From the morning we alternately reincarnate from the parent (child) to the passenger of public transport, the head (the executor, but also the member of the working collective), the buyer, the patient in the polyclinic, the neighbor, the person gathered in the circle of friends, the rally participant and so on, in mutual communication with the rest of the world. What influences us, what forms our knowledge and the idea of how to behave with these or other representatives of different social groups? Can we influence and change the established order of relations? The subject and tasks of social psychology are precisely to answer these questions.
On the individual - whether he wants it or not - affectsgender, social education, education, fashion, advertising. This is superimposed on the social processes taking place in society: the impoverishment of a huge number of masses or, conversely, the increase in prosperity, growing anger or hope, enthusiasm or apathy. The subject of social psychology is the study of the behavior of a person as a participant in social relations. And the participant of different social groups, both small (family, circle of friends), and medium (personality - collective) and large (class, ethnos).
Social psychology is also concernedmechanisms of social influence on the person. What makes an individual relate to a particular group of people one way or another? What or who can influence the change in this attitude? What individual characteristics must a person have in order to become a leader or acquire charisma in a given society and influence this or that social situation? And this is also an object of study of social psychology. Thus, the subject of social psychology is the study of psychological processes, states and properties of the individual, manifested in the course of relationships with other people, including this individual in various social groups and in the system of economic, legal, political and other relations of society.
