Every day we read various texts -articles in newspapers and magazines, short notes, textbooks, manuals, books, documents. All this after writing is not immediately published or goes to press. Creation, editing - the stages of the appearance of the finished text. What is meant by the last term? What kinds of editing exist and what is their essence?
The notion of editing
"Editing" came from the Latin language.In it there is a word like redactus. Its meaning is "put in order". In Russian, "editing" refers to multidimensional concepts. He has several meanings:
- Editing is primarily calledcorrection of written text, elimination of spelling, punctuation, stylistic errors. Also, this word means changing the design of the document (changing the font, indents and other technical parameters of the text, dividing into columns).
- There is one more definition.Editing is a kind of professional activity. The media work editors who are preparing for the publication of printed publications.
Types of editing and their definitions
Editing can be divided into 2 types.This is common, also called universal, and special. Under the first type of editing is understood the whole system of the editor's work on the text. During the adjustment, the written is improved, spelling and punctuation errors are eliminated, word repetitions are eliminated.
Special editing is the work ontext from any special side, for evaluation and analysis of which there is not enough common knowledge. This work can be performed by editors who are deep specialists in a certain field of knowledge, which includes the corrected text or document. Special editing has a classification. It is divided into:
- literary;
- scientific;
- artistic and technical.
Literary editing
Literary editing is the process by which the literary form of the text or work being tested is analyzed, evaluated and improved. The editor does the following work:
- corrects lexical errors;
- brings the style of the text to perfection;
- eliminates logical errors, improves the form of the text (divides into paragraphs, chapters or merges fragments);
- shortens the text with preservation of semantic content;
- checks the actual material (dates, names, quotations, statistical values).
Scientific editing
A huge number of books, articles written oncertain scientific topics (for example, medical ones). Often, the authors are not specialists. Solid publishers use the services of scientific editors. These people check the text on the scientific side, eliminate any inaccuracies, remove irrelevant and false information.
It should be noted that the names of scientific editors inbooks, journals are indicated on the title page in accordance with the requirements of publishing standards. The note that the scientific editor was involved in the project serves as a guarantee of high quality of the text, truthfulness of the information stated.
Artistic and technical editing
Artistic editing in solideditors perform artistic editors. They are engaged in the design of the cover and the whole magazine, newspaper or book, the selection of images and color solutions. Thus, artistic editing is the process by which the design of the publication is developed, sketches, mock-ups, illustrations from the artistic and polygraphic points of view are created, analyzed and evaluated.
There is also such a thing as technicalediting. In the course of it technical parameters of typing and its layout are adjusted, fonts, their sizes, indents, line spacing are changed if necessary, numbered and marked lists are added for ease of information perception.
Modern editing capabilities
Almost all modern people are no longerimagine their lives without computers. This technique is also in housing, and in educational institutions, and in various organizations, companies. With the help of computers, various texts are created: articles, abstracts, diploma and scientific works, documents. A huge number of programs have been developed, which opened up wide possibilities for editing.
One of the known computer programs is Microsoft Word. With it you can not only type text, but also edit files, decorate them properly:
- remove spelling and grammatical errors (in the text they are by default underlined by red and green wavy lines);
- change the size of the fields, select the appropriate page settings (sheet format, portrait or landscape orientation);
- add various underscores, highlight the text in the right places with different colors, quickly insert markers and numbering;
- split the text into columns, insert tables, diagrams, graphs, images, add footnotes, hyperlinks.
Quite often in the process of work, usersfaced with the need to edit PDF files ("pdf"). This format is common, popular. To create such files, special programs have been created. They allow users to delete unnecessary pages, highlight important moments in bright colors, move text and graphic blocks. Editing "PDP" with the help of programs is very easy, because their interface is intuitively understandable. All the necessary tools are displayed in the programs on the panels.
In conclusion, it should be noted that editing -this is an important process of preparing texts. It can be implemented using various computer programs. They provide users with ample opportunities. With the help of them, plain text without registration can be turned into a business report designed properly, or in a vivid advertisement attracting a resume.
