The Balkan Peninsula. Description

Balkan Peninsula is located in the southern partOf Europe. It is washed by the waters of the Aegean, Adriatic, Ionian, Black and Marmara seas. On the western shores there are many bays and coves, mostly rocky and steep. In the east, they are usually rectilinear and low. Balkan Peninsula includes middle and low mountains. Among them are Pind, Dinar Highlands, the Rhodopes, Stara Planina, the Serbian Highlands and others. The name of the peninsula in Europe is one.

На окраинах располагается Нижнедунайская и Middle Danube Plain. The most important rivers are the Morava, the Maritsa, the Sava, the Danube. Among the reservoirs are the main lakes: Prespa, Ohrid, Skadar. The Balkan Peninsula in the north and east has a temperate continental climate. For the territories in the south and in the west is characterized by a Mediterranean subtropical climate.

The countries of the Balkan Peninsula significantlydiffer in socio-political, climatic and other conditions. The southern territories are in most parts of Greece. With it borders Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Turkey and Albania. In Greece, the climate is characterized as subtropical Mediterranean, with hot and dry summers, humid, mild winters. In mountainous and northern areas, the weather conditions are more severe, in winter the temperature is below zero.

Balkan Peninsula in the south is Macedonia. It borders with Albania, Greece, Bulgaria, and Yugoslavia. In Macedonia, the climate is mostly Mediterranean, with rainy winters and dry and hot summers.

The northeastern territory of the peninsula isBulgaria. Its northern part borders with Romania, the western part - with Macedonia and Serbia, the southern part - with Turkey and Greece. The territory of Bulgaria includes the longest mountain range on the peninsula - Old Planina. To its north and south of the Danube is the Danube Plain. This rather extensive plateau rises one hundred and fifty meters above sea level; it is dissected by a multitude of rivers that originate in Stara Planina and flow into the Danube. The Rhodopes border the southeast plain from the southwest. Most of the plain is located in the basin of the Maritsa River. These territories have always been famous for their fertility.

Climatically, Bulgaria is divided into three zones:steppe, Mediterranean and continental. This causes the diversity of the nature of this area. For example, in Bulgaria there are more than three thousand plant species, various species of which have disappeared from other European territories.

The western part of the Balkan Peninsula is occupiedAlbania. The northern and northwestern territories border Montenegro and Serbia, the eastern ones - with Macedonia, and the southern and southeastern ones - with Greece. The main part of Albania is distinguished for its elevated and mountainous terrain with deep and very fertile valleys. On the territory there are also several large lakes that extend across the border areas with Greece, Macedonia, and Yugoslavia.

The climate in Albania is Mediterranean subtropical. The summer is dry and hot, and the winter is wet and cool.