Cow lips - mushrooms, which are still popularreferred to as "Dunka." Scientifically, they are called thin svinushki (Paxillus incluutus). Cow lips are mushrooms that were previously considered conditionally edible. However, after several cases of poisoning and more detailed studies, they were classified as poisonous.
Description
Cow lip mushroom has a cap up to 10 cm indiameter. At a young age, it is olive-brown, shallow and slightly convex, and then ocher-brown, flattened, dry, smooth, dull with the edges bent down and funnel in the center. In rainy weather the hat can be very slippery. The plates are brown, frequent and easily separated. When pressed, they turn brown. The leg of the fungus is solid, cylindrical. Its diameter is 1-2 cm, and its height is 3-6 cm. The flesh of macromycetes is juicy, dense, sour-tasting, soft, without pronounced smell. At first it has a light yellow color, but later acquires a rusty-brown or yellow-brown shade. Disputes are smooth, short-ellipsoidal. Their powder is ocher-brown.
Habitat
Cow lips - mushrooms that grow in groups indeciduous and coniferous forests. They can be found under the oaks, beeches, aspens, birches, in the bushes, in the gardens, near the marshes, in the clearings and in the old anthills. Macromycetes prefers light forest, where there is enough light. Cow lip fructifies in the period May-November. Mushroom likes high humidity.
Doubles
Коровьи губы – грибы, которые можно перепутать с some forms of mushrooms. However, the latter is characterized by the release of the milky juice at the site of scraps and cuts. The thin pig also resembles an orange-red (tuberculate) spider web. This macromycete is deadly poisonous. Its toxins destroy the kidneys and liver. Orange-red spiderweb grows in groups in moist spruce massifs, in blueberries or in thick sphagnum. This macromycet differs from a thin svinushka in a pronounced dark brown color, with a cap with a small pointed tubercle, as well as rare and thick plates. There are yellow cross-belts on the leg.
Eating
Not so long ago, cow's lips mushrooms belonged toconditionally edible low-value macromycetes. But after the increase in cases of severe poisoning by swine (often fatal) in foreign countries and in the Russian Federation, additional studies were conducted. They showed that cows lips contain toxins that are not destroyed by heat treatment. One of them is muscarin, a toxin similar to the poison of the red mushroom. In humans, it causes diarrhea, vomiting, increased sweating and salivation, slowing the heart rate. The pigs do not contain a lot of poison, but with regular use of these mushrooms and accumulation of large doses of toxin in the body, pulmonary edema and respiratory failure are possible.
In addition, thin pigs contain antigen,which the human body reacts with the formation of agglutinins - antibodies, which, if a certain threshold is exceeded, can destroy red blood cells. An interesting feature is that the poisoning does not occur immediately. It all depends on the individual characteristics of a particular organism. Some people can be poisoned only after many years of drinking cow's lips, while others are more sensitive to them, and therefore poisoning comes quickly.
