Алматы – крупнейший город Казахстана.It is located in the south-eastern part of the country, at the foot of the Trans-Ili Alatau. The population of Almaty is about 1.7 million inhabitants. Although the city is no longer the capital of the country, it remains an important financial, cultural and economic site of Central Asia. This article is devoted to the demographic trends of Almaty.
Dynamics
Strengthening Faithful was founded in the middle of XIXcentury to protect Russian borders from attacks of the Kokand khans. In antiquity there already existed a large settlement, which was called Almaty. However, it was completely destroyed in the XIV century by the soldiers of Timur. Then the population numbered only 470 people. All of them were officers and soldiers of the detachment of Major Peremyshlsky.
Then the peasants begin to move here andKazakhs from Siberia and the provinces of Central Russia. In the neighborhood formed Tatar settlement. In 1859, the population of Almaty was already five thousand. It should be noted that until 1921 the city was called Faithful. It was then renamed. In 1867 he was given the status of a city.
In 1879, the population of Almaty was already18,423 thousand people Over the next thirty years, the number of inhabitants doubled. On the eve of World War II, the population of Almaty has already exceeded two hundred thousand. Over the next twenty years, the number of city residents doubled. It should be noted that from 1929 to 1997 Almaty was the capital of Kazakhstan. This contributed to such a rapid population growth. In 1970, 665 thousand people lived in the city. In the early 1980s, the population of Almaty already exceeded one million. In 1989, 1,071,900 people lived in the city. In 1999, it was already 1.129 million. In 2009, there were 1,361,877 people living in the city. In 2014, the city’s population exceeded 1.5 million.
Current performance
Today, Almaty has the status of a southernthe capital of Kazakhstan, the largest financial, scientific and cultural center of the country. It houses the residence of the head of state and government. The population of Almaty, according to data for 2016, is 1,713 million people. This is 1.1 times more than in 2015. Thus, the number of residents of the southern capital of Kazakhstan for the year increased by 160 thousand people. The population of Almaty agglomeration has long exceeded two million. The city itself is divided into eight districts. Until 2014 there were seven of them.
National composition
The population of Almaty is notable for significantvariety. Until the middle of the 20th century, the share of Russians in its composition reached 70%. And only in the mid-2000s, the Kazakhs were in the majority. Today Russians are about a quarter of the population of Almaty.
The last census was taken in 2010.She showed that 51.06% of the city’s population are Kazakh, 33.02% are Russian, 5.73% are Uighurs, 1.9% are Koreans, 1.82% are Tatars, 1.24% are Ukrainians. The share of all other ethnic groups separately does not exceed 1%. Among them are Azeris, Germans, Uzbeks, Dungans, Turks, Kirghiz, Chechens, Ingushs, Belorussians, Armenians and Kurds.
Нужно отметить, что до распада СССР ситуация была radically different. According to the 1989 census, Kazakhs made up only 23.8% of the city’s population. But the proportion of Russian then exceeded 50%. Since then, the situation has changed. Kazakhs are now in the majority. This is due to the collapse of the USSR and the subsequent isolation of its peoples.
Specificity
The proportion of the population of Almaty in totalKazakhstan residents account for almost 10%. For 10 women living in the southern capital, there are 8 men. The latter is 146 thousand less. However, the structure by age group from 0 to 16 years looks completely different. There are fewer girls than boys. The average life expectancy in Almaty is, according to data for 2016, 75.3 years. This is the highest figure in the country. Moreover, women live 8.5 years longer than men.
Natural growth is positive asand migratory. Most of all come to Almaty from the vicinity of the city, South Kazakhstan and Zhambyl regions. In 2016, 18 babies were born per 1000 inhabitants. This is the national average. And in 2016, twins were born to 200 mothers, and triplets to two. The average size of the Almaty family is 3.4 people. The population density of the city is 2521 inhabitants per square kilometer. This is two times more than in the capital of Kazakhstan, Astana. In 2016, there were two divorces for 10 marriages in Almaty. The most popular names for children are: Ayaru, Ayzere, Aisltan, Ryan, Ramazan and Nurislam.
