Population of Penza and the region. Dynamics of development

In the early nineties, the demographic situation in thePenza and the region was characterized as critical. The process of depopulation began in 1991. At the same time, fertility rates were much lower than the mortality rate, and the natural increase was characterized by negative dynamics.

Population of Penza and the region. Statistics of the last century

In the pre-war time, the region as a wholehigh natural population growth. So, in 1939, the birth rate was significantly higher than the death rate. In rural areas, the bulk of the population lived, and the birth rate there was higher than in the city. By 1950, there began to be a decline in population growth rates. The main reason for the worsening of the demographic situation was the losses during the war years. By the mid-sixties, a sharp decrease in the birth rate was observed with an increase in the death rate. In this regard, the population of Penza and the region naturally did not increase significantly. By the 1970s and 1980s, deaths had increased markedly, while a fairly low birth rate remained. This led to a decrease in the total natural increase in the population at the end of the last century. At the same time, migration has had a big impact on population growth. In 1989-1999 years. the number of arrivals exceeded the number of those who left. Thus, despite the reduced rates of natural increase, the number of inhabitants increased due to migration processes.

G. Penza. Population. Some statistical data of recent decades

In comparison, for example, with 1997, in 1998there was a certain improvement in demographic phenomena. Thus, the level of the general (1998 - 14.6, 1997 -14.9), infant mortality (1998 -14.3, 1997-16.4), and the birth rate decreased somewhat. The population of Penza for 2003 is 515 thousand people. By 2004-2005, the number of residents has decreased. And the number of the population by 2004 decreased by 13 461 people. The population of Penza by 2005 was about 510 thousand. In subsequent years, the number of residents was significantly reduced. But by 2013 the population of Penza again increased to 519.9 thousand.

The reasons for the deterioration of the demographic situation in the region

In 2004, a fairly high level was observed.somatic morbidity. The population of Penza and the region as a whole is most susceptible to respiratory diseases. In the second place are poisoning and injuries, in the third - the complications of the postpartum period, childbirth, pregnancy itself. Over the past few years, experts have noted a systematic increase in the incidence of residents of the region as a whole. The tendency to increase is quite clearly observed in some nosological forms. In particular, the population of Penza and the region, among other things, is subject to mental disorders, ophthalmological pathologies. The level of oncological diseases, diseases of the blood system, subcutaneous tissue and skin also increases. Thus, the main reason for the deterioration of the demographic situation in the city and the region as a whole is the high incidence of the population. This, in turn, is caused by the unsatisfactory environmental situation in the area.