The relict woodcutter (Ussuri relic barbel,relic barbel, Ussuri relict lumberjack) is a species of beetles of the beetle family. It inhabits broad-leaved and mixed forests. Sanitary "cleansing" of forests, their mass cutting down, as well as uncontrolled collection by random individuals and collectors of beetles - these are the main problems, due to which the relict woodcutter is dying out. The Red Book included him in the list of endangered insects.
On the territory of our country, he lives onsouth-east and south of Raichihinsk in the Amur region. But in other places, a relict woodcutter lives. Where does he still live? The species was discovered in the Norsky and Khingansky nature reserves, in the south of the Khabarovsk Territory, in Primorsky Krai and in the Jewish Autonomous Region.
Description
His body is black, the elytra chestnut brown,black legs, periodically with a brown tinge, 2 pairs of hairy light spots are present on the pronotum. In males, sculpture and the size of the jaws are variable, the sculpture of the antennae is from smoothed to more sharp. The relic lumberman lays the larvae white, their mandibles black; on the pronotum (in the anterior half) is a red transverse band. It can have 4 small notches.
Lifestyle
Broad-leaved and mixed forests inhabitrelic woodcutter. The Red Book attributed it to endangered species, so it will not be easy to meet it there. It is not known exactly whether he lives in coniferous forests, although sometimes he was found there. The larva feeds on slightly rotten wood, the adult individual - with the juice of trunks of elm, linden. Adult insects also fed sugar syrup under laboratory conditions; the female could drink it up to 0.5 ml per day. It should be noted that females are encountered much more often, since they carry flights. During the day, the beetles are active, they fly to the sources of bright light at night.
Most larvae develop in differentthick-bush trees - ashen Manchurian, elm-related, poplar Maximovich and lime Amur; sometimes populate the sharpest oak, Mongolian oak, elm stumpy, yellow birch, Japanese elm, Manchu maple and hornbeak.
Reproduction
Females distinguish a secret that attracts a partner.Copulation of these insects takes place on a tree below the place where the females will later lay their eggs; the copulation lasts about half an hour. After this, the male does not leave the female - he, placing her forelegs on the elytra, rises with her along the tree to the place where the eggs will be. There the female lays them in groups or one by one; for masonry, she chooses trunks with a diameter of up to 100 cm. A relic woodcutter can postpone a maximum of 28 eggs. In this case, the adult lives up to one month. It is interesting that, laying eggs, both insects descend a day later to the ground where they die.
The larvae that appeared in the world arebark. There they lay the passages, then go directly into the wood, while leaving an elongated inlet on the surface. Larvae in the wood are laid sinuous, transverse or longitudinal grooves, clogged tightly with drilling fluid.
Egg
The relict lumberer lays an egg up to 7mm. It is elongated, oval, narrowed to the poles, corolla-shaped, drawn at the ends; in the beginning it is pinkish, then darkens and gradually becomes completely black. His chorion is in deep, dense cells. Between them the intervals are spiky-drawn, thick, and there are much fewer cells.
Lumber relict: larva
The larva has a body of a yellowish white hue,Massive and covered with thin, sparse yellowish hairs. The head is drawn into the prothorax, the epistome is well delimited. The eyes are simple. Clear frontal sutures, pronounced longitudinal suture. The hypostome includes two longitudinal sclerites, widely spread out by a gullet plate, prominent forward. Clypeus transverse, small, whitish. At the base the upper lip is convex, brownish, with a rounded anterior margin, with reddish short setae. Raws oblique to the apex, massive, pointed at the tip.
Pupa
In the pupa, the body is stumpy, slightly anodized, adpressed to the sides of the antennae, bent by the apex to the ventral side, between the antennae, the forehead is slightly impressed, as can be seen by looking at the photo.
The relict woodcutter, more precisely, his pupa, hastransverse pronotum, spreading on the sides with a narrow longitudinal groove in the middle. In the center of the middling there is a weakly noticeable longitudinal groove, on which there are transverse wrinkles. On the posterum the disk is dense in the hairy transverse wrinkles, with 2 sharply marked, slightly divergent in the direction forward, with rims.
Broad abdomen, strongly narrowed to the apex.Convex tergites of the abdomen, in dense short spinules, on the sides on the posterior margin there are spots of a yellow shade in the form of a month. The blunt apex of the abdomen is bordered by a platen.
