Unfortunately, despite the obvious improvements withmemorable nineties, crime situation in some localities leaves much to be desired. In such a situation, many people think about acquiring weapons. However, in practice, it is not enough for this simply to save money for one or another “trunk”. In order to avoid problems with the law, one has to go through a rather complicated, multi-pass procedure - obtaining a license for a weapon.
Let's try to consider this process in detail.
Categories
Step-by-step weapon license beginsfrom exploring categories of weapons. You need to decide which type you need and for what purpose, since this will largely determine the subsequent actions of the future licensee. Four main categories can be distinguished here.
- Weapons designed for self-defense.This includes the so-called "traumatic weapon" (in common people - "traumatic"), with rubber or metal-rubber striking elements; gas weapons, the damaging effect of which is based on irritating the respiratory system or the nerve effects of certain gases; Airguns; short firearms and others.
- Weapon hunting destination.Everything is clear from the very name: hunting rifles. However, very often they are acquired, first of all, for self-defense, and only the second (and even then not always) for hunting hares and grouse. Two large categories are distinguished here: smooth-bore and rifled weapons, characterized by an increased range of aimed fire, and which is more difficult to obtain than smooth-bore (and only with five years of experience with the owner of a smooth-bore gun).
- Weapon sports destination. The license for it is issued only with the assistance of the relevant sports federation of Russia.
- Weapons, which are an organic element of a national costume. These include various Cossack swords, daggers in national costumes of various Caucasian peoples, etc.
- Collectible. Different types of collection weapons.
Different conditions for obtaining weapons
Perhaps the most troublesome is gettinglicenses for hunting weapons. In addition to obtaining a license, you will have to become a member of a hunting club in this version, as well as confirm your membership in it. In addition, you will have to go through two stages of licensing. First, obtaining a license for a smooth-bore weapon. After that, at least five years must pass. Secondly, after several years of owning it, a license for a rifle is obtained.
The procedure for obtaining weapons is somewhat simplified.Representatives of relevant national communities (in the case of obtaining weapons for a national costume). And it also makes it easier to get a license to buy weapons to the authorities "on execution" - to police officers, prosecutors, judges, employees of special services, military personnel, and so on.
The next step will be to analyze the possibility of obtaining a license for this type of weapon.
Who can not be licensed?
A citizen will be denied a license for a weapon if:
- He did not undergo the necessary medical examinations (no contraindications, no narcotic or psychotropic compounds in the body).
- Under 21 years old (for all citizens andall types of weapons; 18 years for persons serving in the military or other militarized service, if there is a corresponding rank or rank; 18 years for weapons defined as (for wearing with national costumes).
- If he is currently serving a sentence.
- If a citizen has a conviction that has not been canceled or not expunged for a deliberate criminal act.
- If there is a canceled or removed conviction for a serious offense committed with the use of weapons.
- There is no mark of permanent residence.
- He is again held accountable for certain types of administrative offenses, until the end of the sentence.
- A person in a court order deprived of the rights to acquire weapons.
- A citizen is registered in the appropriate medical institution, about drug, alcohol or psychopathology.
- He did not provide information on training, on passing a test of knowledge in the field of weapon handling
What diseases do not issue a weapon license?
The list of diseases that make it impossible to obtain a license for a weapon consists of two groups - diseases of the nervous system and diseases of the eyes.
В первую группу входят расстройства психики prolonged and chronic, with persistent severe manifestations or frequent exacerbations (including schizophrenic disorders, neurotic stress disorders, behavioral and personality disorders, mental retardation, and others).
The second group includes a decrease in visual acuity to less than 50% in the best eye and less than 20% in the worst eye, as well as other serious violations of the visual apparatus.
A full list can be found in the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation under the number 143 of February 19, 2015.
Safe
If before the law you are clean and with your healthcomplete order, then the next step is to install the house gun safe or weapon cabinet. It is better to immediately approach the employee of the Ministry of the Interior, who in your area is responsible for this area of activity (you can find out by calling the police officer on duty listed on the passport registration page) and clarify with him what requirements will be placed on the safe for storing this particular weapons.
Since the requirements for specialized safesthey are not clearly spelled out and many points are left to the discretion of a particular police officer; this conversation may later save you a lot of nerves, and possibly money. It is particularly necessary to clarify the required size of a fireproof cabinet, the need for its rigid attachment to the wall, the location in a house or apartment, and so on.
Training
Training to obtain a license for traumaticweapons or any other can be taken at any specialized educational institution in your city, provided that he has the appropriate license. Otherwise it will be a waste of time and effort.
The training itself for obtaining a weapon license consists of theoretical and practical lessons. Usually such courses are very short and do not exceed six academic hours.
Theory
On the theoretical part of the training will be toldThe main provisions of federal legislation that directly affect your relationship with the state in connection with the future purchase, storage and use of weapons. In particular, they will tell you the main provisions of the Law “On Weapons”, which would be a good idea to read beforehand, because it’s unreal to remember everything in a short hours of training.
Также в теории вам перескажут основные правила treatment of different types of weapons and many related nuances, in particular, the rules of gun care, the rules of protection of organs of sight and hearing when shooting and so on. In general, the information is quite necessary and useful.
Practice
The practical part of learning is even more interesting.
Here each applicant will be trained to shoot. And the minimum number of shots that each student will have to do is twenty-five shots from different types of self-defense weapons.
В зависимости от типа применяемого оружия, shooting distance will be from three to twenty-five meters, while training will be carried out shooting from two main positions - with and without emphasis (that is, standing).
Exam
In addition to the fact that during the training, the person immediatelywill demonstrate his basic weapon handling skills obtained here (shooting, reloading, cleaning), in the end he will need to pass a small exam. Exam papers will be offered, it is necessary to answer the questions of one of them.
The questions themselves will be considered during the period of study at the center where it is carried out.
After passing this exam, a trained and tested citizen will be issued a corresponding certificate, which will be required later when passing through the licensing procedure.
Package of documents for obtaining a license
To obtain a license for a weapon giving the right to purchase it, you will need to collect a package of documents:
- A document proving the citizenship of the Russian Federation (passport, temporary passport, etc.).
- Application for a license.
- A document confirming that the future licensee has received appropriate training in handling weapons and has the necessary skills.
- The conclusion of the medical organization about the absence of contraindications in the appropriate form (valid for 12 months, carried out at the expense of the citizen).
- Analysis of the absence of body productsnarcotic or psychotropic action and the corresponding medical opinion on the basis of the analysis (valid for 12 months, carried out at the expense of the citizen).
Paragraphs 4, 5 of the list of documents for obtaining a weapon license are provided if a citizen receives a license for the first time.
When obtaining a license by a citizen who is serving in a state organization of a militarized type (army, police, court, etc.), he must be provided with:
- A document proving the citizenship of the Russian Federation (passport, temporary passport, etc.).
- Application for a license.
- A document indicating the passage of a citizen of the service in the organization and the existing special or military rank (class rank of justice).
If a citizen gets a license to acquireweapons with muzzle energy of more than 7.5 joules (pneumatic or firearms) for sports, then an additional document must be attached, such as a petition from the relevant All-Russian sports federation.
Retake
To confirm the license, among other things, once every five years, the following documents must be received:
- A document confirming the successful passage of the test of knowledge of the rules and the presence of skills for the safe handling of the relevant weapon.
- Documents confirming the passagemedical examinations (conclusions) both on the absence of medical contraindications, and on the lack of psychoactive, psychotropic and narcotic compounds in the body.
