Svushki - mushrooms quite popular amongmushroom pickers. Representatives of this species are usually found in groups. They grow on cuttings, located on the stumps of uprooted trees, in old anthills. Swine mushroom is harvested from May to November.
It should be said that this species belonged toconditionally edible until 1981. The swine mushroom (Dunka) was included in the fourth category of food properties. Since 1984, this species is deadly. As mentioned above, this species is quite common. It is believed that after boiling the mushrooms can be fried, pickled and taken in food. There is a persistent opinion among the population that Dunka poses no threat to health. Hard mushroom pickers continue to pick these mushrooms. However, there is a danger confirmed by medicine.
Mushroom svinushka poisonous and quite dangerous.It contains an antigen that promotes the production of antibodies that have a destructive effect on red blood cells. In this case, poisoning can occur after a rather indefinite time, even after a sufficiently long (for many years) use. The degree and speed of onset of poisoning will depend on the level of susceptibility of the organism. The most sensitive are children. However, there were several cases of rapid death due to poisoning. The toxins, which the swine mushroom contains, accumulate in the body gradually. Heat treatment does not destroy these toxins. It is impossible to make mushrooms by boiling edible, even if boiled several times.
Description
The cap of the mushroom usually has a diameter up totwelve to fifteen centimeters, in rare cases up to twenty. This part is fleshy, slightly convex at first, with a curled edge, then flat, in the center of a funnel-shaped, depressed, in very rare cases - funnel-shaped. The edge of the cap is lowered straight, ribbed or curved, wavy. Young representatives differ in an olive-brown cap (or olive-brown), in adults it ranges from rusty brown to gray-brown. On sections under pressure darkens. The surface is fibrous-fluffy to the touch, dry in young, in adults - smoother, and in wet weather it becomes sticky and shiny.
The pulp of the fungus is quite dense and soft, withtime becomes loose. Its color is brownish or yellowish brown to pale yellow. At the cut, the flesh darkens. In dry weather, often wormy. The flesh does not differ in any particular smell or taste.
The mushroom has a short, about nine centimeters,leg. Its diameter is about two centimeters. The surface of the leg matte, ocher-olive or dirty yellow, smooth. The color is almost like a hat or a little lighter.
Himenofor (surface of the fruit body)folded, descending. It is often described as lamellar, but it would be more correct to say that it is “pseudo-lamellar”. The folded layer is separated from the bottom of the cap, unlike natural plates. The color of pseudoplastic is rusty brown to yellowish brown. Darken when pressed.
The spores are smooth, yellow-brown, and ovoid-ellipsoidal in shape.
Mushroom svinushka fruits annually and often enough for the season. It grows in various forests, as a rule, in moist, shaded areas. The most common mushroom in the Caucasus, Western Siberia.
In medicine, Dunka is used in the manufacture ofmedicines. The mushroom contains atroomentin. This brown pigment has antibiotic properties. Atroomentin is a derivative of polyporic acid. This substance has a marked anti-tumor activity.
