The novel "War and Peace" by Tolstoy is a work,which tells about significant events in the history of our country, about morals, ideals and views of various strata of society, about important aspects of people's life. In the epic novel, a whole historical period is recreated. It presents the fate of peoples and individuals. The heroes of this novel are in the maelstrom of large-scale events. At the same time, the true value of each character is determined by how much he is involved in them, how much he feels responsible for what is happening.
"People like rivers"
Human life appears before readersall its diversity and completeness. Numerous streams flow into this huge stream. Tolstoy said: "People are like rivers." By this the writer emphasized the complexity and versatility of the human personality, as well as its continuous movement. The place and role of this person in the life of the country, in its history, in relations with the Russian people are the questions that Lev Nikolaevich poses in War and Peace. The inconspicuous participants in the war and figures of history, careerists and the best representatives of their time pass before us. In the novel, there are more than 500 characters. Tolstoy created many different characters and types. He showed us that the mass of people is the real creator of history.
The value of ordinary people
The writer believed that not the will of one or anotherhistorical figure determines the path of development of the country, and the spiritual life of ordinary people - the partisans, ordinary soldiers and officers, that is, those whose actions depend on the outcome of battles. The author is fascinated and deeply touched by the manifestation of patriotism in ordinary people. He believes that love of country is expressed not by killing children in the name of saving the fatherland, not by lush phrases or other unnatural actions, but it manifests itself simply, imperceptibly, therefore it always leads to strong results. Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy (his portrait is presented below) is convinced that war has a national character. Guerrilla war generates a feeling of revenge, which was filled in the difficult days of 1812, the heart of each person. A close-up writer draws Tikhon Shcherbaty, a partisan peasant from the Denisov squad, in which he is "the most useful and brave man."
A characteristic feature of the appearance Tikhon Shcherbaty, occupation
This peasant, a native of the village of Pokrovskoe,certainly the most necessary person in his squad. It should be noted that its external characteristics are expressive and amusing. The hero has a lack of appearance, because of which he got his nickname - he does not have one tooth. This gives Shcherbatom a resilient and cunning look.
Tikhon Shcherbaty can do everything properly and easily.He easily gets water, lays out fires, rips off horses for food, prepares food, makes wooden dishes. However, the main occupation of this hero, of course, is military business.
Fighting the enemy as a call Shcherbaty
Left with Denisov, Tikhon first performed the entiredirty work. He cared for horses, laid out fires. However, it turned out that Tikhon Shcherbaty is capable of more. And he began to go out at night for prey, bringing French weapons and clothing, and sometimes he also brought prisoners on orders. After some time, the hero enrolled in the Cossacks. Lev Nikolaevich notes that Tikhon Shcherbaty always walked on foot, but did not keep up with the cavalry. He carried a musket with him, but more for laughter. The real weapon of this hero was the ax and the peak, which Shcherbaty owned perfectly, “like a wolf with his teeth”.
He gives the fight against the enemy all his strength,endurance and ingenuity. Chafer in nature is the toiler of the earth, which is created for a peaceful life. However, with extraordinary naturalness, this hero suddenly turns into a defender of the motherland. The author embodies in his image the spirit of the people-avenger, prowess and resourcefulness of the Russian peasants.
Cruelty
Tikhon Shcherbaty sent to the enemy with an ax inhands. And not because someone forces him to defend his homeland, but under the influence of hatred for uninvited guests and great patriotism. These feelings are so strong in him that Tikhon, good-natured by nature, sometimes becomes cruel. Then the French do not appear to him as people, but exclusively as enemies of their homeland.
Attitude of comrades to Shcherbatom
Образ Тихона Щербатого еще полнее раскрывается to the reader in the way his comrades in arms speak about him. One feels that they admire this hero, respect him. Even a kind of caress is heard in their coarse words: “well, clever,” “eka slander,” “ekay beast.”
Hero mobility
It must be said that the movementShcherbatov fast and agile. For the first time he appears to the reader running. We see how Tikhon "splashed" into the water, then "got out on all fours" from the river and "ran on." This hero is all in action, in a rush. Even his speech is dynamic. It should also be noted that in the work "War and Peace" Tikhon Shcherbaty is distinguished by his ability not to lose his sense of humor in any circumstances.
We now propose to get acquainted with the comparative characteristics of two heroes - Platon Karataev and Tikhon Shcherbaty. This will help you to better understand the role of the latter in the work.
Platon Karataev and Tikhon Shcherbaty
Лев Николаевич Толстой, рисуя образ народного the avenger, shows that he is distinguished not only by courage, energy, determination, hatred of the enemy. He is also inherent in the great humanism. In the novel "War and Peace" "the spirit of simplicity, kindness and truth" personifies a soldier named Platon Karatayev. This hero is the complete opposite of Shcherbatom. If Tikhon Shcherbaty in the novel is merciless to the enemy, then Plato loves all people, including the French. Tikhon is rude, and his humor is sometimes combined with cruelty. Platon Karatayev everywhere wants to find "solemn goodness". And his appearance, and the "gentle-singing caress" in his voice, and the nature of his speeches, which are full of thoughts about people and life, all distinguish this hero from Shcherbaty.
Тихон Щербатый в романе "Война и мир" не remembers god. He relies only on himself, on his own dexterity and strength. But Platon Karataev constantly thinks about God. His speech is filled with proverbs. In some of them, echoes of the peasants ’protest against an unjust social order are heard (for example,“ where the court is, there is no lie ”). However, Plato himself is not one of those who are accustomed to actively intervening throughout their lives, despite the fact that it has the spirit of truth-searching, which is characteristic in general for the Russian peasantry.
Platon Karataev, as well as Tikhon Shcherbaty, inThe novel "War and Peace" is a patriot. However, it is very difficult to imagine fighting. It's not his shyness, but Plato does not feel hatred for the enemy.
Shcherbaty - Russian hero
In two largely different images of Lev NikolayevichTolstoy creates a single capacious image of the people, a kind of unity of spirit. Both Platon Karataev and Tikhon Shcherbaty each contribute in their own way to the common cause. Both heroes do not just carry out practical actions by participating in the struggle. Their role is more significant - they carry such qualities as moral beauty, warmth of soul and kindness. In the novel War and Peace, Tikhon Shcherbaty, whose characteristics we have examined, expresses the active principle of the soul of the Russian person. It symbolizes the ability of the Russian people to bravely fight the invaders. This hero is the embodiment of the powerful force, which rose to defend the motherland from enemies.
Shcherbaty and Peter Rostov
Следует отметить, что функция Тихона Щербатого в the work is not limited to the personification of the courage and strength of a simple Russian peasant. His personality, like many other "walk-through" characters in the work, serves to enhance the characteristics of the main characters. Having guessed that Shcherbaty killed a man during his raid on the “tongue”, Petya Rostov feels very uncomfortable, although this feeling does not last long. The author notes that Petya, sitting at the same table with the partisans, was in a state of childlike enthusiastic love for all people. He wanted to make everyone happy, so he treated everyone to raisins sent from home. The death of Petya Rostova underlines the weakness of the naive noble boys and the cruel majesty of the Tikhonov. After his death, Dolokhov said coldly about Rostov: "Ready." Denisov, having approached his body, suddenly remembered how Petya Rostov said: "Excellent raisin, take it all."
So, Tikhon is a collective imagepeople personifying its best features. He is characterized by fearlessness and self-sacrifice in the name of victory over the invaders. This concludes the analysis of the image of Tikhon Shcherbaty.
