From early childhood every personthe word zaklichka is known. That this musical and poetic work, which is based on faith in the magic power of the word, he learns later from the school curriculum. The antiquity addressee in antiquity and today are meteorological phenomena and celestial bodies.
Evolution
Songs zaklichki relate to folk artancient folklore layer. At the initial stage of their functioning, they embodied the verbal magic of adults; after, through the Christianization of traditional folk culture, these beliefs gradually lost their relevance, meaning, but continued to live in the world of children's ideas about the natural world. Previously, the appeal to the sun, rain, clouds, wind were directly related to the main occupation of the peasants - agricultural labor. The words were invariably accompanied by certain magical actions, the echoes of which were saved in modern texts. That this is a magical ritual, now it is impossible to say for sure.
Compositional structure
Этот фольклорный элемент во многом изменился с ancient times, but its essence remains the same. This is a request for rain to fall, for clouds to disappear or for the sun to go out. The long-term functioning of the callouts among children gave a second wind to the already forgotten samples of ancient beliefs. Now zaklichki - mostly children's creativity. Compositionally, most of them have a common structure: exposure and a kind of epilogue, in which, in fact, desire is concentrated (cessation or loss of rain, the appearance of the sun, etc.). Callings for children are extremely melodic, their manner of pronunciation is recitative-declamatory. Or their individual performers will pronounce them, accompanying the pronunciation with peculiar pantomimic elements (movements of the body, head, hands), or groups of children. Along with jokes, it is the most reproductive genre in the repertoire of children's creative groups.
Spring Call
What is this kind of vocative pagan songsorigin is already clear. And, of course, like any folklore concept, zaklichka has its own classification. Considered the most famous requests to the spring. They also represent ritual songs that accompanied the East Slavic rite of gukan (clicks). In addition to complaining about the lingering winter, the performers call spring, not only referring to a variety of natural phenomena, but also to animals and birds, heralds of spring. They are also called spring bugs, oglukami, etc. Their words meant not only the sequence in the change of seasons, but also expressed ideas about the causes and consequences of changes in nature. In order to provoke the arrival of birds, and with it, respectively, and the beginning of spring, this process should be imitated, portrayed. The main means of spring call was baking waders or larks. Baking was distributed to children or placed on elevated areas, less often tied with threads and thrown into the air. At the same time, ritual songs were performed - spring songs that were supposed to bring the spring closer.
Christian imagery
Extraordinary curious process of penetrationChristian images in pagan formulas. Their introduction to the folk element has not changed the essence. Although researchers have repeatedly asked the question: "Christian call - what is it?". One of the most common and well-known examples can clarify the situation:
"Mother of God,
Let us rain
Gray rain
Bogomolnenky
As it becomes clear, the desire to achievethe desired action from the natural forces was preserved, only the addressee of the call was changed. In any case, regardless of any innovations, the images, which are addressed in the backlash, were and remain mythological.
