Замысел поэмы «Мертвые души», ставшей immortal, presented to Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol the poet Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. Creating a work is the main mission that Gogol was to fulfill. So the writer himself believed. The plans of Gogol included the composition of three volumes of the poem (in the likeness of Hell, Purgatory, Paradise). Only the first volume of the work was written and published. Only he reached the reader. The sad fate of the second volume and the reasons that gave rise to it have remained a mystery. Modern philologists in their writings are trying to unravel the secrets associated with writing a work. For this purpose, the images created in the poem are carefully studied and analyzed, a description is given of Sobakevich, Manilov, Korobochka and other main characters.
Gallery of images of the poem
In the poem "The Adventures of Chichikov, or Dead Souls",namely, under this title, the work was published for the first time, a whole gallery of images was presented - different types of people and even inanimate objects. Using this technique, Gogol masterfully depicts the way of life of Russia in the 19th century.
It shows common features - the ignorance of officials, the arbitrariness of the authorities, the plight of the people. At the same time, the characters of the individual characters, their individual characteristics are vividly represented in the poem.
For example, the image of Sobakevich, Plyushkin, Boxes,Nozdreva, Manilova, Chichikov gives the reader the opportunity to understand that the characters are typical representatives of a certain era, although each carries something different, individual, different from the others. The appearance of the characters of the poem in Gogol are not random moments. Their presentation to the reader is subject to a certain order, which is very important for the disclosure of the general idea of the work.
Sobakevich possessions
Mikhail Semenovich Sobakevich in the poem “Dead Souls” in the gallery of images appears to readers as the fourth character. Acquaintance with him begins long before the appearance of the hero.
A large village with a view of Chichikov opensstrong and solid buildings. The house of the landowner itself seemed to be determined “for eternal standing”. The buildings belonging to the peasants also surprised Chichikov with their reliability and good quality.
It is immediately evident that the external side of the buildings, their aesthetics, do not care about the owner at all. What matters is functionality, the practical benefit of what surrounds it.
In the description of the landscape you need to pay attention tothe forests that surround the village. On the one hand there was a birch forest, and on the other - pine. This also indicates the economic owner of the estate. Gogol compares the forest with the wings of the same bird, but one is light and the other is dark. Perhaps this is an indication of the character of the character. So Gogol is preparing the reader for the perception of the uneasy image of the landowner Sobakevich.
The appearance of the hero
Sobakevich's description, his external characteristics are given by Gogol in comparison with animals and inanimate objects.
This is a medium sized clumsy bear. He moves, stepping on someone's feet. His coat color is bearish. Even the name, Mikhailo Semenovich, causes the reader to associate with an animal.
This was done by Gogol by no means accidental.The characteristic of Sobakevich, the description of his inner world begins with the perception of the appearance of the character. After all, we first of all pay attention to such features.
The complexion of Sobakevich, who was hot, hot, like a copper penny, also indicates some kind of strength, inviolability of character.
Description of the interior and the image of the hero of the poem
The interior of the rooms where Sobakevich lived is unusually similar to the image of the owner. Here the chairs, the table, the chairs were as clumsy, bulky, heavy as he was.
Having read the description of the appearance of the hero, his entourage, the reader may assume that his spiritual interests are limited, that he is too close to the world of material life.
What distinguishes Sobakevich from other landlords
Внимательный читатель обязательно замечает эту the difference. The image of the landowner Sobakevich, having many similarities with other characters in the poem, is at the same time very different from them. It brings some variety.
Landowner Sobakevich not only loves reliabilityand the fortress in everything, but also to its serf peasants makes it possible to live thoroughly and firmly stand This shows the practical acumen and efficiency of this character.
When did the sale of Chichikov take placedead souls, Sobakevich himself wrote a list of his deceased peasants. At the same time, he remembered not only their names, but also the crafts that his subordinates owned. He could describe each of them - to name attractive and negative sides of a person’s character.
This indicates that the landowner is not indifferent to who lives in his village, who he owns. At the right moment, he will take advantage of the qualities of his people, of course, with the benefit of himself.
He absolutely does not accept excessive stinginess andcondemns its neighbors for it. So Sobakevich says about Plyushkin, who, having eight hundred souls of serfs, feeds worse than a shepherd. Mikhail Semenovich himself is very happy to please his stomach. Gluttony, perhaps, is his main business in life.
Make a deal
This is an interesting point in the poem.The moment of the conclusion of the transaction associated with the purchase of dead souls, tells a lot about Sobakevich. The reader notices that the landowner is intelligent - he understands what Chichikov wants. Again to the fore such features as practicality and the desire to do everything to their advantage.
In addition, the straightness of Sobakevich appears in this situation. Sometimes it turns into rudeness, ignorance, cynicism, which is the essence of the character.
What is alarming in the description of the image of the hero
Характеристика Собакевича, некоторые из его actions, statements make the reader wary. Although a lot of what the landowner does, at first glance, it seems worthy of respect. For example, the desire for the peasants to stand firmly on their feet does not at all indicate Sobakevich’s high spirituality. This is done only for the benefit of oneself - there is always something to take from a strong household of subjects.
On city officials, Sobakevich says theyfraudsters, "christoprodavtsy." And this, most likely, is true. But all that has been said does not prevent him from having any profitable business and relationships with these scammers.
The reader is also disturbed by the fact that not a single person with whom Sobakevich is familiar, who is friends with, if you can call it that, he did not say a single kind word.
His attitude to science, education sharplynegatively. And the people who are doing this, Mikhail Semenovich would have hung up - so they hated him. This is probably due to the fact that Sobakevich understands: education is capable of shaking the existing foundations, and this is not beneficial for the landowner. From this follows its heaviness and stability of views.
The Sacredness of Sobakevich's Soul
The characteristic of Sobakevich with all herpositive and negative points leads to the main conclusion: the landlord Mikhail Semenovich is dead just like his neighbors, officials from the city, adventurer Chichikov. The reader clearly understands this.
Имея сложившийся характер, образ жизни, Собакевич and his neighbors will not allow any changes around him. Why do they need it? To change, a person needs a soul, but these people do not have it. Gogol never managed to look into Sobakevich’s eyes and other characters in the poem (except for Plyushkin). This reception once again indicates the absence of the soul.
About the deadness of the characters and shows thatthat very little the author tells about the kinship of the characters. One gets the impression that they all come from nowhere, they have no roots, which means that there is no life either.
