Batik for beginners: advice of masters to beginners. Batik lessons for beginners: how to master the technology of batik?

In the world there are so manyvarious types of crafts. Among them, batik stands out, which has not lost its popularity all over the world for hundreds of years. In recent years, it is a very fashionable trend in the fashion world. It is not necessary to purchase expensive handmade items. This ancient art is now available to anyone. Exclusive things can be created independently, having mastered batik for beginners.

The history of ancient needlework

The name of this unique art of paintingThe tissue comes from the Indonesian word "batik". The syllable “ba” means “cotton fabric”, and “tik” means “drop”, “point”. Batik for beginners in the general sense of the word is a manual painting of matter. This type of fabric painting is a special technology for processing, dyeing and decorating material that is suitable for its structure. On each of the islands of Indonesia and in India, people have used this method of processing fabrics with natural dyes for centuries. The greatest popularity and development of methods for creating batik received on Fr. Java.

Handmade fabric used for the baseunder the painting. Her training paid special attention. The fabric was soaked, boiled, bleached. Masters in different ways to achieve its uniformity and the desired density. Painting one cut could take several days. Its main stages were: waxing, dyeing, drying. Such actions were repeated many times until a multicolor pattern was obtained. In some cases, tissue processing consisted of 5-10 cycles. The recipe for the manufacture of natural paints is still carefully guarded. According to the clothes, the person’s kinship, caste and social status were determined. The plots of the paintings were different: from the most complex ornaments to abstract drawings. Often they conveyed religious and genre motifs. Despite the wide spread of this art in Indonesia, in Europe and America it appeared only at the beginning of the twentieth century.

The basics of painting technology

Batik for beginners is based on drawing onfabric of contours of simple drawings. Moreover, those places that should not be painted, pre-coated with wax or a special rubber compound. After immersing the treated fabric in a container with dye composition, its remnants are carefully removed. To achieve a multi-layered pattern, the procedure is repeated several times. Before starting any fabric, wash it thoroughly.

A cool way to create batik

There are various ways in whichYou can get excellent batik. For beginners, we can recommend the so-called "cold" method. It is based on applying a special compound on the basis of contours based on rubber glue. Cold batik is used when dyeing silk, although some other fabrics can be processed.

The basis of this method is “reservation”,which means applying to the fabric a certain composition in order to highlight and preserve a variety of shades of the background and pattern. The cold batik for beginners was coined much later than the “hot” one. This method of processing tissue has become possible with the development of chemistry.

Cold Batik Backup Formulations

The best reserving composition is considered contourmeans "Gutta", which is produced by the firm "Kroyl". Bottles and tubes with special nozzles-nozzles of different diameters are very easy to use. This reserving agent is gasoline and water based. There are color and colorless formulations. A mixture of rubber glue, wax substances and gasoline is less environmentally friendly and convenient. For 500 g of homemade reserve, you need 50 g of glue, 430 g of gasoline, 20 g of beeswax or 220 g of glue, 230 g of gasoline, 50 g of paraffin. This reserve should be applied with special tools. Most often for this purpose a glass tube with a reservoir is used.

Pictures for batik for beginners better to choose ornamental or fantasy. As you improve and gain practice, you can move on to more complex and elegant patterns.

Basic requirements for cold batik

In order not to spoil the fabric and your hard work, you should follow a few basic rules for working with cold reserve:

• the mass should be the necessary consistency;

• contour should be applied with a continuous line;

• the sharpness and clarity of the line stylistically determines the direction of the entire work.

“Hot” batik painting for beginners

This type of fabric treatment is considered the oldesta kind of painting. As a rule, it is called “hot batik”. The reserving agent in this case is used only hot. Due to the application of molten wax, the ratio of undyed and dyed fragments creates unique patterns of painting. The uniqueness of such a batik is that even if you try to precisely repeat any ornament on a stencil, it is impossible to get identical copies. The wax is applied using a special tool, which in Indonesia is called “chanting”. Moreover, its form may be different, but the principle of action always remains the same. Places covered with wax do not absorb paint and limit its spread over the fabric. This method is used, as a rule, for coloring cotton-made matter.

Hot Reserve Options

There are different options for the reserve:

• 500 g of factory-made wax mass;

• 250 g of stearin or paraffin, 230 g of artificial wax, 20 g of technical petroleum jelly;

• 400 g stearin or paraffin, 100 g natural wax.

The reserve mass is melted to homogeneity.for a couple. On the fabric it is applied on the drawn contours of the picture. After cooling the composition of the material is painted and scrape off the remnants of wax. When creating complex multi-layered patterns, you will need to repeatedly apply the reserve and paint the material in the desired shades. After obtaining the final result, the remnants of the wax mass are removed by ironing the fabric several times through wrapping paper.

The development and diversity of modern batik

Since professional artists and designersclothes were appreciated by all the beauty and uniqueness of this method of processing fabrics; today, various schools have been created that teach those who want this art. At the same time, batik lessons for beginners include not only traditional Indonesian methods of waxing and dyeing cotton, but also “cordon”, “nodular”, blue-and-white Chinese silk coloring, and multi-color Japanese silk painting. There is another type of fabric treatment, often called “batik for beginners”. This is the so-called “free painting”. Despite the different methods of execution, it includes 3 different techniques. It includes watercolor, stencil and graphic painting. Such a mixture of methods of working with fabrics was due to the Dutch, who brought the word batik to Europe and the mode of production. The technology for beginners can be chosen any, and with the accumulation of experience with the fabric and dyes, it will be expanded through other methods of dyeing.

Working conditions when creating batik

Even with the best fabrics, specialpaints and reserves without the proper organization of labor is impossible to obtain beautiful and durable products. The room for creating batik should be bright, ventilated, dry and heated. You will need a comfortable table and a large hoop or subframe to which the fabric will be fixed. Matter should be well stretched, as sagging can disrupt the outline of the pattern. As a rule, wet fabric is stretched onto the subframe, and after drying it straightens well. For painting it is necessary to have a set of tubes (for cold batik), special tubes with a reserve, brushes, patterns, forms for paints, a container for dyeing fabrics. For “hot” material processing, you will need a special “chanting” tool. As chemicals that give tissues special effects, alcohol, salt, and urea may be needed.