Juicy, fragrant and tasty pears are loved by adults and children alike. That's why gardeners from all regions of our country try to grow these fruit trees on their plots.
The farmers in the south of Russia have problems with the choicea suitable variety does not arise. The situation is much more complicated in the northern regions. For example, gardeners are interested in the question: what sorts of pears plant in the Leningrad region? This and some other questions concerning the cultivation of pears, we will try to answer in this article.
Difficulties with growing pears in the Leningrad Region
In these areas, soils for processingare complex. In general, these are loams, the fertile layer of which does not exceed 20 cm. In general, the northern regions are characterized by sandy soils that are poorly nutritious and retain moisture very weakly. The most favorable for plants in these areas are peatlands. However, these soils contain too many acids.
The situation helps gardeners correctorganic fertilizers. Before planting the plant, humus and missing components are added to the soil. Despite the fact that the pear trees belong to rather whimsical plants, in recent years excellent frost resistant varieties have been developed that are quite comfortable in the difficult climatic conditions of the Leningrad Region.
Basic landing rules
About the varieties of this culture, we'll talk a little later, and now I would like to highlight the features of planting, growing and caring for this fruit tree.
Pear seedlings (varieties for the Leningrad Region)can be planted in spring and autumn. True, experts believe the second option is preferable. During the autumn planting from the seedlings all the foliage should fall off and the sap flow in the trunk will slow down.
At the end of August, the places previously planned for planting should be well digged and fertilizers added to the soil (per 1 sq. M.):
- 6-8 kg of compost;
- 40-60 g superphosphate;
- 20-30 g of potassium.
For planting it is desirable to use seedlings,whose age is 1-2 years. Pay attention to the purchase of the integrity of the roots of a young tree, its trunk and branches. It should be healthy, elastic, without visible defects. The best time for planting is the second half of September, because in October in the middle zone it is still quite warm and the plant will less painfully settle down in a new place.
Immediately before planting, dig upA small hole (slightly larger than the size of the roots of the seedling). The soil must be loose, which will ensure the necessary air exchange. From the center of the landing pit at a distance of 20 cm, insert a peg. It will be a support for the proper formation of a tree. Above the surface of the soil, it should rise 70 cm.
Care
So, on your site there was a pear.For the Leningrad region varieties, as a rule, need a moderate regular watering - no more than 10 liters a week. An exception to this rule can only be a severe drought. In addition, a young tree needs spring fertilizing with fertilizers.
In the autumn, at the last digging, the same fertilizers are applied to the soil, that when planting. Around the trunk of the pear, at a distance of 30 cm, dig out the rounded grooves. In them, evenly distribute all fertilizers.
Trimming
Virtually all varieties of pears for the Leningradregions (reviews of gardeners confirm this) need pruning. This procedure is necessary to obtain a good harvest. You must follow certain rules:
- The first pruning and formation of the crown of a young plant are carried out in late autumn or early spring before the buds "wake up".
- Crown pears, unlike most fruit trees, do not require significant pruning, as it is formed naturally.
- Pruning is used to create semi-skeletal branches, strengthen fruit branches, and also to subordinate branches.
Experts believe that the most suitableThe crowns for this tree are spherical and rounded. Gardeners with experience often prefer sparse-tiered crowns, which have 5-10 branches, which are located in tiers.
Early varieties
When a gardener thinks about the question, what kind ofsort of pears to choose for the Leningrad region, it is primarily interested in its frost resistance and the timing of fruit ripening. Summer in these places is short, even in the spring morning frosts are not uncommon, and autumn comes very early. That's why summer residents primarily prefer early or medium-early varieties.
Experts believe that today some oldThe Petersburg pears are forgotten by gardeners completely undeservedly. Of course, it is difficult for them to compete with new developments of breeders or with southern varieties. Northern fruits are rather small - their weight does not exceed 80 grams, they remain in the cake for no more than 30 days, they lose significantly to the southern counterparts to taste, but they have high winter hardiness and are well adapted to severe climatic conditions.
At the Pavlovsk VIR station, staff are working onbreeding of new, more advanced varieties suitable for growing in northern gardens. Below we will present the best varieties of pears for the Leningrad region. Perhaps one of them will appeal to you.
Pushkinskaya
The decision of gardeners to use the early varieties of pears for the Leningrad region is fully justified. They allow for a short summer to grow a crop of fragrant fruits.
Grusha Pushkinskaya is a rather powerful tree,having a round, widely spread crown. Flowering begins in the early mid-term. Fruits are of medium size, kubarevnuyu form and yellowish, with blush color.
The flesh of the fruit is sweet and very juicy, hassmall tart flavor. The yield of this variety exceeds the average. Fruits begin to ripen in early September, remain in the cradle for no more than 10 days. The variety is winter hardy.
Early Pavlovskaya
Another pear for the Leningrad region.Grades suitable for this region are characterized by increased frost resistance. This sort is not an exception. The tree is distinguished by a wide-pyramidal crown. Flowering takes place in the mid-term. The fruits are rather small, light green, with a blush. The flesh is tender, sweet, good taste, juicy.
This is a winter hardy and yielding variety. The first fruits can be obtained at the end of August. They do not differ in laxity (they are stored no more than five days).
In memory of Yakovlev
Gorgeous and very popular pear.For the Leningrad region, the Olivier de Serre and Theme varieties were crossed by breeders SP Yakovlev, Ya. S. Nesterov, and PN Yakovlev. As a result, this early-autumn variety was obtained.
The tree is not tall, it is characterized by rapid growth. The crown is spherical. The branches grow at an angle to the trunk, a little later there are rings. Crohn is smooth, sometimes scaly, gray in color.
Shoots in the beginning have a light brown shade,often covered with lenticles and thorns. The kidneys are conical, smooth, slightly bent. Leaves are leathery, ovate, dark green in color. Their top is twisted, attached to a rather long petiole. The flowers are white, they gather six times per inflorescence, they have separate petals.
Ripen in the first decade of September, excellentare kept until December. The pulp is creamy or white, semi-oily, juicy and sweet. Fruiting usually begins the third year after planting. Every year the yield is growing. At the age of seven, the tree gives up to 20 kg of pears.
Pear for the Leningrad region: autumn varieties
Many gardeners prefer to growthese kinds of favorite fruits. Unlike early ripening, autumn varieties of pears produce a harvest from September to November. They are much longer than summer varieties stored. Many believe that this is a universal fruit: they can be eaten fresh, cook jam, jams, compotes, etc. from them.
Grusha Leningradskaya
A medium-sized tree with a thick crown of broad-pyramidal shape. The variety is very fruitful. Often heavy branches break down.
The fruits are small (80 g).Their surface is smooth, yellowish-green in color. The pulp is surprisingly tender, cream-colored, fine-grained. Fruits have a very pleasant taste. Harvest can be harvested in late October. A variety of winter residences.
Severyanka
Pear for the Leningrad region of the Severyanka varietyattracts many gardeners with compact tree sizes and high winter hardiness. A small tree with a wide pyramidal crown. By the age of four it barely reaches five meters in height. Much more intense it grows in width. Branches grow at an angle. The bark of the trunk and skeletal branches is gray, smooth.
Flowering early, begins in the second halfApril. Fruits of medium or small size (85-120 g). They are painted in a rich yellow color, without blush. True, fruits that have been exposed to direct sunlight for a long time can have a delicate pinkish hue. The first harvest tree gives in five years from the time of planting. At the age of twelve, it gives over a hundred kilograms of fragrant fruit.
Reviews
We presented to you the most popular varieties of pearsfor the Leningrad region. The testimonies of experienced gardeners indicate that these varieties are really growing and developing in uneasy climatic conditions.
Regarding which grade is better, opinionswere divided. This is mainly due to the fact that some owners want to receive an early harvest, while others prefer later varieties, the fruits of which can be stored for a long time. Experienced gardeners are advised to accept a compromise solution - if the plot allows, plant two or three trees with different maturation periods.
